Recycled aggregate concrete-filled square steel tube (S-RACFST) frame has the characteristics of high bearing capacity, good ductility, and superior seismic performance. To propose a displacement-based seismic design of S-RACFST frame, the validity of the design method was verified by a detailed calculation example. Based on the performance requirements, this design method divided the structural performance into five levels: normal use, temporary use, use after strengthening, life safety, and collapse prevention, and suggested specific steps for the displacement-based seismic design of S-RACFST frame using the inter-story displacement angle limit value as the quantitative indicator. The 10-story S-RACFST frame was used as an analytical example for static elasticplastic analysis. The pushover lateral displacement curves of the frame structure at each performance level were obtained and compared with the displacement-based seismic design curves. The results show that the displacement-based seismic design method of S-RACFST frame structures can fulfill the performance level requirements such as "temporary use," "normal use," and "collapse prevention," and the displacement-based seismic design method is one of the effective ways to realize the performance design of S-RACFST frame structures.