A dispositional account of gender

McKitrick, Jennifer

doi:10.1007/s11098-014-0425-6

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These dispositions can be masked, or overpowered by other dispositionsdispositions to bow to social pressure, or pursue incompatible goals. (McKitrick 2015(McKitrick : 2579 It is important to note that McKitrick remains neutral on the origin of these dispositions (2015: 2580).…”

Section: The Dispositional Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, it must be acknowledged that in bringing the resources of analytic philosophy to bear on gender identity I am adopting an unusual approach to the topic. Although there is a substantial theoretical literature on gender identity in fields such as gender studies and trans studies (see, e.g., Namaste 2000;Prosser 1998;Stone 2006;Stryker 1994) this topic has only recently begun to receive attention within analytic philosophy (Andler 2017;Bettcher 2017;Jenkins 2016;McKitrick 2015). The appeal of adopting an approach informed by analytic philosophy is that, as we have seen, analytic philosophy has many resources to offer when it comes to conceptual analysis.…”

Section: Introduction: the Folk Concept Of Gender Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward an Account of Gender Identity

Jenkins¹

2018

Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy

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Although the concept of gender identity plays a prominent role in campaigns for trans rights, it is not well understood, and common definitions suffer from a problematic circularity. This paper undertakes an ameliorative inquiry into the concept of gender identity, taking as a starting point the ways in which trans rights movements seek to use the concept. First, I set out six desiderata that a target concept of gender identity should meet. I then consider three analytic accounts of gender identity: the dispositional account, the self-identification account, and the normrelevancy account. I argue that only the norm-relevancy account can meet all six desiderata. Finally, I defend the norm-relevancy account from three objections: that it is cis-normative, that it has problematic implications regarding trans women, and that it entails that some people do not have the gender identity they take themselves to have.

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Section: The Dispositional Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: the Folk Concept Of Gender Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward an Account of Gender Identity

Jenkins¹

2018

Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy

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“…They take gender to be a matter of how you feel, how you see yourself, which group you take yourself to belong to (see e.g. Appiah 1990;McKitrick 2015, Bettcher 2009, 2013Jenkins 2016;; and discussion in Barnes 2020). The radical feminist view of gender as norms is externalist; perhaps an internalist view would make better sense of the nonbinary strategy?…”

Section: The Nonbinary Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ending Sex-Based Oppression: Transitional Pathways

Lawford‐Smith

2020

Philosophia

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From a radical feminist perspective, gender is a cage. Or to be more precise, it's two cages. If genders are cages, then surely we want to let people out. Being less constrained in our choices is something we all have reason to want: theorists in recent years have emphasized the importance of the capability to do and be many different things. At the very least, we should want an end to sex-based oppression. But what does this entail, when it comes to gender? In this paper, I'll compare four 'transitional pathways', with a view to considering how each relates to the ultimate end of ending sex-based oppression. Should we open the doors to the cages, so that people can move freely between them, but leave the cages themselves in place? (Transgender pathway). Should we add more cages? (Nonbinary pathway). Should we make the cages bigger, so that people have a lot more room to move around inside them? Or should we dismantle the cages, so there are no more genders at all? (Gender abolitionist pathways). Some of these options are 'gender revisionist', others are gender abolitionist. I'll argue in favour of a gender abolitionist pathway.

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“…Two participants stated that they did not want to feed into a stereotype, but to be free to dress how they felt and still remain valid. Therefore, while some individuals' gender expression does reflect their gender identity, such as dressing androgynously, this is not always the case (McKitrick, 2015). All participants shared that people assumed their gender without assuming that there were other options from the binary.…”

Section: "It Just Confuses Them"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals use gender expression as a tool for understanding the gender of others. However, gender expression does not always reflect gender identification (McKitrick, 2015). While gender expression may be more masculine, feminine, or androgynous, an individual may identify with a gender that differs from their expression.…”

Section: Hegemonic Masculinity and Femininitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“picking My Battles”: Examining The Experiences Of Gender Non-Binary Identities Within The U.s.

Richards¹

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female genitalia, while gender includes the individual's identification of masculinity or femininity. Cisgender individuals are those whose sex and gender are equivalent (Jourian, 2015). Binary thinking is when cisgender individuals are believed to be the norm. It occurs when society thinks in exclusively masculine or negative terms, when, in fact, there is a range or variety of behaviors. Non-binary is the spectrum within the binary, where individuals may exist on a range between so-called masculinity and femininity. Jourian (2015) explains that non-binary individuals are constantly faced with genderism/cissexism, or the belief that there are only two genders, which relate to the sex an individual was assigned at birth. Non-binary individuals also face dyadism, which is the belief that "there are only two 'natural' and 'biological' sexes, male and female" (p. 17). Within heteronormative societies, gender binary, or cisgender, is dominant, though this is restrictive for individuals whose gender identity does not match their biological sex. Mardell (2016) points out that sex is a social construct used to label individuals and reduce dissonance. While physical anatomy is not a construct, the association of male and female to body parts is. Individuals who do not fit within the binary identify with terms such as genderqueer, gender nonconforming, gender fluid, transgender, non-binary, or a series of other identities (Austin, 2016). It is important to note that gender identification is dependent on the individual's preference; therefore, it is vital to ask them what their preferred pronouns and identifications are. The gender binary is a perspective that denies the spectrum of gender identity, which results in individuals claiming that gender and sex are synonymous. Ignorance of LGBTQ issues, especially transgender and gender nonconforming matters, results in damaging stigmas (Baez et al., 2017) and puts transgender individuals in dangerous situations. Kuvalanka, Weiner, Munroe, Goldberg, and Gardner (2017) state, "TGNC [transgender nonconforming] individuals are thought to

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A dispositional account of gender

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Toward an Account of Gender Identity

Toward an Account of Gender Identity

Ending Sex-Based Oppression: Transitional Pathways

“picking My Battles”: Examining The Experiences Of Gender Non-Binary Identities Within The U.s.

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