“…These systems include Roam (Chu et al, 2004), Collective Surrogates (Goyal, 2011), Grid-Enhanced Mobile Devices (Guan, 2008), ThinAV (Jarabek et al, 2012), Resource Furnishing System (Ok et al, 2007), Cloud Personal Assistant (O'Sullivan andGrigoras, 2013), and MAPCloud (Rahimi et al, 2012). The offload targets in these systems need access to a cloud resource in order to operate properly, whether to obtain the code to be offloaded (Chu et al, 2004), access application data (Ok et al, 2007), or to offload computation or data to other cloud resources (i.e., surrogate acts as an intermediary) (Goyal, 2011;Guan, 2008;Jarabek et al, 2012;O'Sullivan and Grigoras, 2013;Rahimi et al, 2012).…”