A distributed transducer system for functional electrical stimulation

Gudnason, Gunnar; Nielsen, J.H.; Bruun, Erik; Haugland, Morten Kristian

doi:10.1109/icecs.2001.957763

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2. Schematic of the Class E Transmitter and the LSK Demodulator LSK Demodulator: The LSK modulation method utilizes an impedance reflection technique, which is usually adopted in RFID (radio-frequency identification) or biomedical systems [5]. When the load impedance variation of the internal LSK Modulator is reflected to the External Coil by the inductive link, the resonant point leading the amplitude of the modulation signal is changed.…”

Section: Class E Transmittermentioning

confidence: 99%

A one-time implantable wireless power bidirectional transmission spinal cord stimulation system

Wang

Hsu

Tseng

et al. 2010

Proceedings of 2010 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test

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This study presents a prototype of a one-time implantable spinal cord stimulation system (SCS) using wireless power and bidirectional data transmission by an inductive link. The data can be transmitted by an inductive link, which is based on a duplex ASK-LSK technique. A fabrication chip is integrated in the bio-implant to generate stimulation waveform control signals. The chip area is 1800 × 1250 μm 2 . The proposed SCS system attain better flexibility of operation modes than that of a commercial product, i.e., Medtronic Itrel 3 7425.

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Section: Class E Transmittermentioning

confidence: 99%

A one-time implantable wireless power bidirectional transmission spinal cord stimulation system

Wang

Hsu

Tseng

et al. 2010

Proceedings of 2010 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test

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“…The current implantable device uses a two-coil strategy to protect the weak biological signals from the effects of the strong RF electromagnetic fields generated by the inductive coupling. The impedance reflection technique, utilizing a LSK modulation method, is generally adopted in implantable biomicrosystem applications (Smith et al 1998, Gudnason et al 2001, Lanmüller et al 1999. This study adopts the LSK unit, shown in figure 5, which is modified from the unit described previously by Tang et al (1995).…”

Section: Load-shift Keying (Lsk) Unit For Outward Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, bioelectrical measurements involve low-intensity signal sources in the µV to low mV range. However, the magnetic coupling signal of the inductive coupling may be several orders of magnitude larger than these recorded biological signals (Gudnason et al 2001). The high intensity of the magnetic flux may introduce undesirable interference during the outward telemetry of the data and may even cause the microcontroller of the internal module to fail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An implantable bi-directional wireless transmission system for transcutaneous biological signal recording

et al. 2005

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This study presents an implantable microcontroller-based bi-directional transmission system with an inductive link designed for biological signal sensing. The system comprises an external module and an implantable module. The external module incorporates a high-efficiency class-E transceiver with amplitude modulation scheme and a data recovery reader. The transceiver sends both power and commands to the implanted module, while the reader recovers the recorded biological signal data and transmits the data to a personal computer (PC) for further data processing. To reduce the effects of interference induced by the 2 MHz carrier signal, the implanted module uses two separate coils to perform the necessary two-way data transmission. The outward backward telemetry circuitry of the implanted module was based on the loadshift keying (LSK) technique. The transmitted sensed signal had a 10-bit resolution and a read-out rate of 115 kbps. The implanted module, measuring 4.5 x 3 x 1.2 cm3, was successfully verified in animal experiment in which the electroneurogram (ENG) signal was recorded from the sciatic nerve of New Zealand rabbits in response to nociceptive stimulation of foot. The reliable operating distance of the system was within about 3.5 cm with an efficiency of around 25%. Our present study confirms that the proposed biological signal sensing device is suitable for various implanted applications following an appropriate biocompatible packaging procedure.

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“…As implanted systems typically are either battery powered or have inductively coupled power supplies [4], a major design constraint is the system power consumption. Although bipolar technology in general has superior analog performance over CMOS technology [6], the more inexpensive CMOS technology is chosen as this enables the integration of digital subsystems with the analog interface circuitry on a single die.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS Low-Noise Instrumentation Amplifier Using Chopper Modulation

Nielsen

Bruun

2004

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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This paper describes a low-power, low-noise chopper stabilized CMOS instrumentation amplifier for biomedical applications. Low thermal noise is achieved by employing MOSTs biased in the weak/moderate inversion region, whereas chopper stabilization is utilized to shift 1/f-noise out of the signal band hereby ensuring overall low noise performance. The resulting equivalent input referred noise is approximately 7 nV/ √ Hz for a chopping frequency of 20 kHz. The amplifier operates from a modest supply voltage of 1.8 V, drawing 136 µA of current thus consuming 245 µW of power. The gain is 72.5 dB over a 4 kHz bandwidth. The inband PSRR is above 90 and the CMRR exceeds 105 dB.

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A distributed transducer system for functional electrical stimulation

Abstract: Implanted transducers for functional electrical stimulation (FES)

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

A one-time implantable wireless power bidirectional transmission spinal cord stimulation system

A one-time implantable wireless power bidirectional transmission spinal cord stimulation system

An implantable bi-directional wireless transmission system for transcutaneous biological signal recording

A CMOS Low-Noise Instrumentation Amplifier Using Chopper Modulation

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