A Dog-Associated Primary Pneumonic Plague in Qinghai Province, China

Wang, Hu; Cui, Yu‐Jun; Wang, Zuyun; Wang, Xiaoyi; Guo, Zhaobiao; Yan, Yanfeng; Li, Chao; Cui, Baizhong; Xiao, Xiao; Yang, Yong; Zhang, Qi; Wang, Guojun; Wei, Baiqing; Yu, Shaojun; He, Duolong; Chen, Hongjian; Chen, Gang; Song, Yajun; Yang, Ruifu

doi:10.1093/cid/ciq107

Cited by 75 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Pneumonic plague can then be spread from person to person via respiratory droplets generated from the sneezing and coughing of patients. 4 Without timely and proper treatment, mortality is very high for plague. 1 Currently, there is not an ideal plague vaccine for human use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia pestisbiovarMicrotusstrain 201, an avirulent strain to humans, provides protection against bubonic plague in rhesus macaques

Zhang

Wang

Guang

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia pestisbiovarMicrotusstrain 201, an avirulent strain to humans, provides protection against bubonic plague in rhesus macaques

Zhang

Wang

Guang

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Previous studies found that antibodypositivity prevalence among dogs and cats from the Ceará plague foci, and from Chapada da Borborema (PB), were similar 13,22 . During a plague outbreak in a village in Yunnan Province, China serum-positivity rates in domestic cats and dogs were 23.5% and 26.5%, respectively 23 . This could be because many diseased cats do not survive the infection, while dogs are more resistant and more likely to recover 10 .…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In coyotes from urban areas in California, titers ranged from 1/16 to 1/1,024 26 . In plague areas of China, titers varying from 1/40 to 1/1,280 were found in 49 domestic dogs 23 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and spatial distribution dynamics of Yersinia pestis antibodies in dogs and cats from plague foci in the State of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil

Sousa

Alencar

Almeida

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:In Brazil, the plague is established in several foci located mainly in the northeastern part of the country, where it alternates between active and quiescent periods. These foci in the State of Ceará have high epidemiological importance. In addition to other plague detection activities, plague areas can be monitored through serological surveys of dogs and cats (domestic carnivores), which, following feeding on plague-infected rodents, can develop mild to severe forms of the disease and produce long-lasting antibodies. This study aimed to characterize the circulation dynamics and spatial distribution of Yersinia pestis antibodies in dogs and cats in plague foci areas of Ceará. Methods: An ecological study was conducted to analyze the temporal series and spatial distribution of secondary data obtained from domestic carnivore serum surveillance in Ceará's plague areas from 1990 to 2014. Results: Joinpoint analysis revealed that the overall trend was a reduction in antibody-positive animals. The mean proportion of antibody-positivity during the whole study period was 1.5% (3,023/203,311) for dogs, and 0.7% (426/61,135) for cats, with more than 4% antibody-positivity in dogs in 1997 and 2002. Antibody titers ranging from 1/16 to 1/64 were frequent. Despite fluctuations and a significant reduction, in recent years, there were antibody-positive animals annually throughout the study period, and the localities containing antibody-positive animals increased in number. Conclusion: Yersinia pestis is actively circulating in the study areas, posing a danger to the human population.

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“…27 Another outbreak of pneumonic plague occurred in Qinghai Province of China (north of Tibet) in 2009 affecting 12 persons, of whom three died. 5 The index case was a herdsman exposed to a sick 6 At a different rural focus in Algeria in 2008, four nomads acquired plague, resulting in one death from pneumonia. 7 The disease re-emerged also in Libya in 2009, affecting five persons with one fatality, after an absence of reported cases for 25 years.…”

Section: Reported Occurrence Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of this review is to examine the importance of plague during the first decade of this century with an emphasis on novel events and progress of clinical knowledge (Table 1). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Relevant literature was obtained by searching Pubmed for papers covering the years 2000-2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plague Gives Surprises in the First Decade of the 21st Century in the United States and Worldwide

Butler¹

2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

112

105

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Abstract. Plague is an ancient disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted by rodent flea bites that continues to surprise us with first-ever events. This review documents plague in human cases in the 1st decade of the 21st century and updates our knowledge of clinical manifestations, transmission during outbreaks, diagnostic testing, antimicrobial treatment, and vaccine development. In the United States, 57 persons were reported to have the disease, of which seven died. Worldwide, 21,725 persons were affected with 1,612 deaths, for a case-fatality rate of 7.4%. The Congo reported more cases than any other country, including two large outbreaks of pneumonic plague, surpassing Madagascar, which had the most cases in the previous decade. Two United States scientists suffered fatal accidental exposures: a wildlife biologist, who carried out an autopsy on a mountain lion in Arizona in 2007, and a geneticist with subclinical hemochromatosis in Chicago, who was handling an avirulent strain of Y. pestis in 2009. Antimicrobial drugs given early after the onset of symptoms prevented many deaths; those recommended for treatment and prophylaxis included gentamicin, doxycycline, and fluoroquinolones, although fluoroquinolones have not been adequately tested in humans. Fleas that do not have their guts blocked by clotted blood meals were shown to be better transmitters of plague than blocked fleas. Under development for protection against bioterrorist use, a subunit vaccine containing F1 and V antigens of Y. pestis was administered to human volunteers eliciting antibodies without any serious side effects. These events, although showing progress, suggest that plague will persist in rodent reservoirs mostly in African countries burdened by poverty and civil unrest, causing death when patients fail to receive prompt antimicrobial treatment.

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A Dog-Associated Primary Pneumonic Plague in Qinghai Province, China

Abstract: Dogs are believed to be an indicator animal for plague surveillance, but their association with PPP is rare. Our results provide evidence for this possibility, which suggests the public health significance of dogs as a source of plague.

Cited by 75 publications

References 25 publications

Yersinia pestisbiovarMicrotusstrain 201, an avirulent strain to humans, provides protection against bubonic plague in rhesus macaques

Yersinia pestisbiovarMicrotusstrain 201, an avirulent strain to humans, provides protection against bubonic plague in rhesus macaques

Seroprevalence and spatial distribution dynamics of Yersinia pestis antibodies in dogs and cats from plague foci in the State of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil

Plague Gives Surprises in the First Decade of the 21st Century in the United States and Worldwide

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