A double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of an evening primrose and fish oil combination vs. hydrogenated coconut oil in the management of recurrent seasonal pruritus in horses

Craig, Jennifer; Lloyd, D. H.; Jones, Carolyn

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3164.1997.d01-11.x

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Appropriate dosage levels of fatty acids remain problematic. In previous equine studies, lower doses of different fatty acid supplements did not control seasonal pruritus 19 . In one canine study, a combination of EPA (0.395 g/10 kg) and docosahexaenoic acid (0.264 g/10 kg) effectively controlled canine pruritic skin disease 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In previous equine studies, lower doses # 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Veterinary Dermatology, 10, 117±122 147 DISC of dierent fatty acid supplements did not control seasonal pruritus. 19 In one canine study, a combination of EPA (0.395 g/10 kg) and docosahexaenoic acid (0.264 g/10 kg) eectively controlled canine pruritic skin disease. 13 In the present study, horses were supplemented with higher doses of EPA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The presence of the n‐3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreases the level of arachadonic acid (AA) in cell membranes 15 and ultimately leads to production of less‐potent inflammatory mediators. This process has been extensively reviewed in the literature 16 –20 . Similar equine studies have been performed with low‐dose n‐3 supplementation 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment ofCulicoideshypersensitive horses with high‐dose n‐3 fatty acids: a double‐blinded crossover study

Friberg

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1999

Veterinary Dermatology

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In this double‐blinded crossover study the clinical efficacy of high dose α‐linolenic acid (linseed oil) for the treatment of Culicoides spp. hypersensitivity was evaluated. Seventeen privately owned horses from north Florida, USA completed the 18‐week study. Criteria for inclusion included negative dermatophyte cultures, negative skin scrapes, failure to respond to ivermectin treatment, compatible clinical signs, positive skin test to Culicoides spp.antigen and a history of seasonal pruritus consistent with Culicoides spp. hypersensitivity. Horses were randomized and each horse’s feed was supplemented with 200 mL of linseed oil (n‐3 source) or 200 mL of corn oil (n‐6 source) per day for a 6‐week period. After a 6‐week washout period, each horse was crossed over to the other supplement for an additional 6 weeks. Horses were evaluated every 3 weeks. The level of pruritus was determined by counting pruritic acts in a 30‐min period. Total lesional surface area was determined by computerized evaluation of scanned photographs and documented physical examination findings. There was no significant change in level of pruritus observed between the groups (P = 0.89). Additionally, lesional surface area was not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.06). However, most owners stated that horses improved while supplemented with linseed oil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment ofCulicoideshypersensitive horses with high‐dose n‐3 fatty acids: a double‐blinded crossover study

Friberg

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1999

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Although many authors recommend the use of essential fatty acids for AD in the horse, studies detailing types of fatty acids, their dosages and efficacies are rare. Essential fatty acid products containing the omega 3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, failed to show significant improvement in one study investigating seasonal pruritus 258 . Most evidence for the use of essential fatty acids in allergic horses has focused on horses with IBH 155,157 …”

Section: Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Marsella

White

Fadok

et al. 2023

Veterinary Dermatology

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BackgroundAllergic skin diseases are common in horses worldwide. The most common causes are insect bites and environmental allergens.ObjectivesTo review the current literature and provide consensus on pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Materials and MethodsThe authors reviewed the literature up to November 2022. Results were presented at North America Veterinary Dermatology Forum (2021) and European Veterinary Dermatology Congress (2021). The report was available to member organisations of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology for feedback.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceInsect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the best characterised allergic skin disease. An immunoglobulin (Ig)E response against Culicoides salivary antigens is widely documented. Genetics and environmental factors play important roles. Tests with high sensitivity and specificity are lacking, and diagnosis of IBH is based on clinical signs, seasonality and response to insect control. Eosinophils, interleukin (IL)‐5 and IL‐31 are explored as therapeutic targets. Presently, the most effective treatment is insect avoidance. Existing evidence does not support allergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) using commercially available extracts of Culicoides. Hypersensitivity to environmental allergens (atopic dermatitis) is the next most common allergy. A role for IgE is supported by serological investigation, skin test studies and positive response to ASIT. Prospective, controlled, randomised studies are limited, and treatment relies largely on glucocorticoids, antihistamines and ASIT based on retrospective studies. Foods are known triggers for urticaria, yet their role in pruritic dermatitis is unknown. Recurrent urticaria is common in horses, yet our understanding is limited and focussed on IgE and T‐helper 2 cell response. Prospective, controlled studies on treatments for urticaria are lacking. Glucocorticoids and antihistamines are primary reported treatments.

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“…Trials have been carried out to evaluate the use of a mixture containing 80% EPO and 20% fish oil in treating insect bite hypersensitivity (Craig, 1997). Horses were given four 5 g capsules daily.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culicoides hypersensitivity in horses

Craig

2011

Companion Animal

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Culicoides hypersensitivity is a common cause of recurrent seasonal pruritus in horses. It is a hereditary condition, caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to the bites of Culicoides midges, presenting typically in a horse's second or third summer and subsequently worsening with age. There is no cure and treatment is aimed at preventing or reducing exposure of the horse to the biting midge and reducing the hypersensitivity reaction.

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A double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of an evening primrose and fish oil combination vs. hydrogenated coconut oil in the management of recurrent seasonal pruritus in horses

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Treatment ofCulicoideshypersensitive horses with high‐dose n‐3 fatty acids: a double‐blinded crossover study

Treatment ofCulicoideshypersensitive horses with high‐dose n‐3 fatty acids: a double‐blinded crossover study

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Culicoides hypersensitivity in horses

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