The powertrain voltages in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have witnessed an upward trend due to advantages such as reduced runtime losses and extremely high DC fast charging power levels; aiding in reduced range anxiety and lower battery charging duration. This trend requires original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to re-assess the design of electronic sub-assemblies (ESAs). Due to newly released DC fast charging standards, there are implications on the on-board charger (OBC), which is one of the ESAs in a BEV. This paper performs a comprehensive review of identifying system-level and use-case related challenges in transitioning on-board chargers to higher voltages compared to state-of-the-art, while considering the impact of newly introduced DC fast charging standards like Megawatt Charging Systems (MCS) and ChaoJi/ CHAdeMO 3.0. The existing research in academia and proof-of-concept designs compatible for high-voltage on-board charging sub-systems, such as the power factor correction (PFC) and isolated DC-DC conversion stages is consolidated. Due to the demand for integration driven by costoptimization targets, single-stage, traction-integrated, and auxiliary power unit (APU) integrated on-board chargers are discussed. Finally, the disparity between state-of-the-art technology and future requirements is defined to establish challenges and the direction of future research areas.