“…Furthermore, the attention on the CO 2 RR has extended to the catalytic environment, as the catalytic activity can be modulated by altering the structural parameters of the catalyst (solid)-electrolyte (liquid)-molecular reactant (gas) three-phase interface [ 144 , 145 , 146 ]. Some advances have been realized in these interfacial modulation studies, wherein it was discovered that controlling the proton supply or CO 2 supply can effectively inhibit the HER [ 147 , 148 ], electrodes with improved interfacial structures significantly improve selectivity and partial current density at relatively low overpotentials in H-type electrolytic cells [ 149 , 150 ], and membrane reactors and microfluidic reactors (flow cells) can achieve higher current densities [ 151 , 152 ]. Modification of the catalyst-electrolyte interface region also includes the addition of external molecules (or polymers), changes in electrolyte composition and concentration, the design of novel reactor and electrode structures, and a combination of these approaches, and these modification strategies can significantly affect the intrinsic and extrinsic catalytic activity of the catalyst.…”