A dual preconcentration method by combining micro matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction with field‐enhanced sample injection and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking for sensitive analysis of neutral coumarins

Abstract

A rapid, sensitive, environmental friendly dual preconcentration method by combining micro matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction with field-enhanced sample injection and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking has been developed for the determination of furocoumarins. Molecular sieve, KIT-6, was used as an adsorbent in micro matrix solid-phase dispersion process. The important parameters affecting off-line and online CE preconcentration efficiency were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, all analytes showed good linearity (R 2 > 0.999). The LODs of notopterol, isoimperatorin, and imperatorin were 0.1 μg/mL, 1.2 mg/kg, and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the normal CE method, the enrichment times were up to 300. Moreover, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix was used as the mode of complex solid sample matrix to demonstrate the prospect of application of this methodology. The results showed the proposed strategy is promising for determining trace furocoumarins in complex matrix samples, which might be applied as a powerful and economic tool in monitoring illegal cosmetic adding.

Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications—Updated and completely revised edition

“…In addition, reviews by Grochocki [372] (focusing on stacking toward metabolomics), John [373] (preconcentration in nonaqueous CE), and Suntornsuk [374] (preconcentration of pharmaceutical and related substances) have also been recently published. As expected, most of the recent reports involving stacking are focused on the application of the approach to various samples, including drinking water [375, 376], brain tissue [377], fish [378], meat [379], plants [380], human urine and serum [381], noting that the injection of these samples often requires homogenization, filtration, evaporation, and/or dilution [382, 383]. It is also worth mentioning a recent approach by Perrin's group, describing the possibility to combine desalting, protein precipitation, automated liquid–liquid extraction, in‐line CE stacking and electrophoretic separation [384], the possibility to combine surfactants and pressure to increase the concentration of analytes (×3000) [385], and the approach described by Graf coupling ITP–CE for the analysis of glyphosate at pM levels [386].…”

In‐capillary screening and quantifying the antioxidants of Yangxinshi Tablet using field‐enhanced sample injection‐micellar electrokinetic chromatography

“…Although the peak responses could be improved by injecting the sample hydrodynamically for a long time, the solution matrix might cause certain interference with the analysis of analytes, especially in complex samples [30,31]. By contrast, with little influence from the sample matrix, more ionic analytes could be introduced into the capillary with the application of a voltage in electric injection mode, consequently contributing to an improved sensitivity [32,33].…”