A dual-readout chemiluminescent-gold lateral flow test for multiplex and ultrasensitive detection of disease biomarkers in real samples

Abstract

Even though the gold lateral flow test (GLFT) is low-cost and allows for point-of-care testing (POCT), its intrinsic limitations including low sensitivity and incapability of quantification significantly hinder the clinical application of GLFT for assaying disease biomarkers. To improve the performance of the GLFT without sacrificing its simplicity, we develop a chemiluminescent-gold lateral flow test (C-mode GLFT) for quantitative and multiplex detection of disease biomarkers with an ultrahigh sensitivity at a picomolar level. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and antibody (Ab) are simultaneously labeled onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to achieve a dual-readout (chemiluminescent and visual, C&V-mode GLFT). A red color appears at the test line caused by the accumulation of captured AuNPs in the presence of targets, while HRP on the surface of AuNPs catalyzes the chemiluminescence reaction of luminol to amplify the signal. C-mode GLFT is successfully used for detecting tumor biomarkers (alpha fetoprotein, AFP, and carcino embryonic antigen, CEA) and bacterial infection biomarkers (procalcitonin, PCT) in serum samples as well as whole blood. The excellent features of C-mode GLFT such as straightforward operation, ultrahigh sensitivity and quantitative detection, make it a promising platform for POCT of a variety of disease biomarkers in real samples.

Magnetic Lateral Flow Strip for the Detection of Cocaine in Urine by Naked Eyes and Smart Phone Camera

“…Furthermore, the RSD at the different spiked concentrations of CC was below 10%, which showed that this strip has good repeatability. For comParison, GLFS was also applied for CC detection with 30 nm of gold nanoprticle (The preparation for gold nanoparticle-Ab was based on previous report of our group [25]). The visual and quantitative LOD of GLFS were 20 ng/mL and 3.75 ng/mL (S = 0.02, M = 0.016), respectively, which were higher than those of MLFS (Figure S3).…”

Recent Progress of Biomarker Detection Sensors

“…Chen et al proposed a chemiluminescent-gold lateral flow sensor for AFP and CEA detection with a novel signal amplification strategy. In their work, GNP was used and decorated with HRP and Ab1 to improve the traditional lateral flow based sensor with the increase of sensitivity by three orders of magnitude [ 192 ]. Yang and coworkers fabricated a paper-based barcode assay for detection of multiplex target biomarker combing with GNP, and this sensor also showed its potential in the point-of-care field with the low-cost, rapid detection, and good stability [ 193 ].…”

Simultaneous Detection of Multiple β-Adrenergic Agonists with 2-Directional Lateral Flow Strip Platform

“…Among other reported methods for β-adrenergic agonists detection [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] , the immunoassay has been paid great attention due to its easy-operation protocols, comparable simple pretreat of the samples and high specificity. Therefore, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the immunochromatographic lateral flow strip (LFS) have been well commercialized as the kit for rapid and sensitive detection of β-adrenergic agonists [18][19][20][21][22] . However, these two-mentioned commercial immune kits can only realize the detection of one analyte at each assay.…”