A Duplex Retina and the Electroretinogram in the NocturnalPerodicticus potto

Goffart, M; Missotten, Luc; Faidherbe, J; Watillon, M

doi:10.3109/13813457609078571

Cited by 45 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Day lighting is fairly consistent among facilities, but a wide range of light sources and colors are employed to simulate night lighting. Prosimians may perceive blue light as brighter than red [Goffart et al., ; Frederick and Fernandes, ], and therefore red or neutral‐density filters are thought to be preferable for night lighting in exhibits [Fitch‐Snyder and Schulze, ]. Despite this, slightly more than half of captive lorisid groups are currently housed under blue light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Husbandry Practices for Lorisid Primates in North American Zoos and Related Facilities

et al. 2012

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Zoos and related facilities in North America currently manage five species in the primate family Lorisidae: the greater (Nycticebus coucang), Bengal (N. bengalensis) and pygmy (N. pygmaeus) slow lorises, red slender loris (Loris tardigradus), and potto (Perodicticus potto). We used an online survey to describe institutional housing and husbandry practices for these species and assess the extent to which practices are consistent with established guidelines. Our results show that most captive lorisids are housed solitarily or in pairs. Most individuals occupy a single exhibit space in a building dedicated to nocturnal animals. Facilities are commonly meeting recommendations for abiotic exhibit design and are providing animals with an enriched environment. However, pottos and slender lorises currently occupy exhibit spaces smaller than the recommended minimum, and the impact of cleaning protocols on olfactory communication should be critically evaluated. Few facilities are taking advantage of the benefits of positive reinforcement training for promoting animal welfare. Research is greatly needed on the effects of exhibit lighting on behavior, health, and reproduction; and to determine how best to manage the social needs of lorisids with naturally dispersed social structures. Although captive populations of slender lorises, pottos, and slow lorises are declining, we suggest that improved husbandry knowledge has the potential to positively influence population sustainability and to enhance future efforts to manage the growing pygmy loris population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Husbandry Practices for Lorisid Primates in North American Zoos and Related Facilities

et al. 2012

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“…slow lorises and pottos) feature slow and stealthy locomotion on the surface of branches and feed on fruit, gum and less mobile prey like crawling invertebrates [Nekaris, 2013]. Despite the fact that these variations in foraging ecology and microhabitat occupation suggest an important role for vision, information on anatomical and functional architecture of the strepsirhine retina is limited [Goffart et al, 1976;DeBruyn et al, 1980;Wilker and Rakic, 1990;Yamada et al, 1998;Chiquet et al, 1999;Dkhissi-Benyahya et al, 2001;Peichl et al, 2001Peichl et al, , 2004Tetreault et al, 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Topographic Organization of Retinal Ganglion Cell Density and Spatial Resolving Power in an Unusual Arboreal and Slow-Moving Strepsirhine Primate, the Potto (Perodicticus potto)

Coimbra¹,

Kaswera‐Kyamakya

Gilissen³

et al. 2016

Brain Behav Evol

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The potto (Perodicticus potto) is an arboreal strepsirhine found in the rainforests of central Africa. In contrast to most primates, the potto shows slow-moving locomotion over the upper surface of branches, where it forages for exudates and crawling invertebrates with its head held very close to the substrate. Here, we asked whether the retina of the potto displays topographic specializations in neuronal density that correlate with its unusual lifestyle. Using stereology and retinal wholemounts, we measured the total number and topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cells (total and presumed parasol), as well as estimating the upper limits of the spatial resolution of the potto eye. We estimated ∼210,000 retinal ganglion cells, of which ∼7% (∼14,000) comprise presumed parasol ganglion cells. The topographic distribution of both total and parasol ganglion cells reveals a concentric centroperipheral organization with a nasoventral asymmetry. Combined with the upwardly shifted orbits of the potto, this nasoventral increase in parasol ganglion cell density enhances contrast sensitivity and motion detection skywards, which potentially assists with the detection of predators in the high canopy. The central area of the potto occurs ∼2.5 mm temporal to the optic disc and contains a maximum ganglion cell density of ∼4,300 cells/mm². We found no anatomical evidence of a fovea within this region. Using maximum ganglion cell density and eye size (∼14 mm), we estimated upper limits of spatial resolving power between 4.1 and 4.4 cycles/degree. Despite their reported reliance on olfaction to detect exudates, this level of spatial resolution potentially assists pottos with foraging for small invertebrates and in the detection of predators.

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Visual System of the Only Nocturnal Anthropoid, Aotus: The Owl Monkey

Veilleux,

Heesy

2023

Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects

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A Duplex Retina and the Electroretinogram in the NocturnalPerodicticus potto

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

A Survey of Husbandry Practices for Lorisid Primates in North American Zoos and Related Facilities

A Survey of Husbandry Practices for Lorisid Primates in North American Zoos and Related Facilities

The Topographic Organization of Retinal Ganglion Cell Density and Spatial Resolving Power in an Unusual Arboreal and Slow-Moving Strepsirhine Primate, the Potto <b><i>(Perodicticus potto)</i></b>

Visual System of the Only Nocturnal Anthropoid, Aotus: The Owl Monkey

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