A Durable Porcine Pericardial Surgical Bioprosthetic Heart Valve: a Proof of Concept

Rahmani, B; McGregor, Christopher G.A.; Byrne, Guerard W.; Burriesci, G

doi:10.1007/s12265-019-09868-3

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Furthermore, our pulse duplicator studies show comparable deleterious AGE-related effects on BHVs in flow simulation performance between our TAVR valve prototype and clinical-grade valves. As structural damage associated with leaflet crimping during TAVR valve preparation 75,76 and increasingly thinner leaflet material [76][77][78] are intrinsic characteristics to TAVR versus SAVR valves, it is important to understand the implications of AGE accumulation and microstructural modification on long-term bioprosthesis durability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycation and Serum Albumin Infiltration Contribute to the Structural Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves

Frasca

Xue

Kossar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) are widely used to treat heart valve disease but are fundamentally limited by structural valve degeneration (SVD). Non-calcific mechanisms of SVD entirely account for approximately 30% of SVD cases and contribute to calcific SVD but remain understudied. Glycation mechanisms have not been previously associated with SVD, despite being established as degenerative in collagenous native tissues. Objectives:To determine whether blood component infiltration-based glycation and concomitant human serum albumin (HSA) deposition contribute mechanistically to SVD.Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to identify advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and serum albumin accumulation in 45 aortic valve BHV explanted due to SVD, glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium (BP) incubated in vitro in glyoxal and HSA, and rat subcutaneous BP implants. Structural impacts of glycation-related mechanisms were evaluated by second harmonic generation (SHG) collagen imaging. Hydrodynamic effects of valve glycation and concomitant HSA exposure were studied with an ISO-5840-compliant pulse duplicator system using surgical grade BHV.Results: All 45 clinical explants and in vitro-incubated BP demonstrated accumulated AGE and HSA compared to un-implanted, un-exposed BHV. SHG revealed instigation of collagen malalignment similar to that in SVD explants by glycation and HSA infiltration. Rat subdermal explants also showed AGE and serum albumin accumulation. Pulse duplication demonstrated significantly reduced orifice area and increased pressure gradient and peak fluid velocity following glyoxal and HSA incubations. Conclusions:Glycation and concomitant HSA infiltration occur in clinical BHV and contribute to structural and functional degeneration of leaflet tissue, thus representing novel, interacting mechanisms of BHV SVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycation and Serum Albumin Infiltration Contribute to the Structural Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves

Frasca

Xue

Kossar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…More recently, the use of genetically modified animals expressing low levels of α-Gal epitopes have attracted researcher's attention (Zeyland et al, 2014;Hryhorowicz et al, 2017). In this regard, Rahmani et al (2019) have recently introduced a novel glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine pericardial BPHV obtained from transgenic pigs which showed excellent in vitro durability.…”

Section: Bio-prosthetic Heart Valves (Bphvs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials in Valvular Heart Diseases

Taghizadeh

Ghavami

Derakhshankhah

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Valvular heart disease (VHD) occurs as the result of valvular malfunction, which can greatly reduce patient’s quality of life and if left untreated may lead to death. Different treatment regiments are available for management of this defect, which can be helpful in reducing the symptoms. The global commitment to reduce VHD-related mortality rates has enhanced the need for new therapeutic approaches. During the past decade, development of innovative pharmacological and surgical approaches have dramatically improved the quality of life for VHD patients, yet the search for low cost, more effective, and less invasive approaches is ongoing. The gold standard approach for VHD management is to replace or repair the injured valvular tissue with natural or synthetic biomaterials. Application of these biomaterials for cardiac valve regeneration and repair holds a great promise for treatment of this type of heart disease. The focus of the present review is the current use of different types of biomaterials in treatment of valvular heart diseases.

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“…For many of us, our bodies are who we are. The fact that we can be estranged from parts of it, reattached to parts that once belonged to other bodies (and thus 'persons'), even other species (Rahmani et al 2019), and now the fact that these parts can be replaced with mechanical or synthetic substitutes, has significant implications for how we imagine our place in the world and our relationship to other bodies and things. Particularly in a world that has always reverberated with signs of human exceptionalism and superiority.…”

Section: Bionic Bodies and Hybrid Corporealitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bionic Bodies, Posthuman Violence and the Disembodied Criminal Subject

Gilani

2020

Law Critique

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This article examines how the so-called disembodied criminal subject is given structure and form through the law of homicide and assault. By analysing how the body is materialised through the criminal law’s enactment of death and injury, this article suggests that the biological positioning of these harms of violence as uncontroversial, natural, and universal conditions of being ‘human’ cannot fully appreciate what makes violence wrongful for us, as embodied entities. Absent a theory of the body, and a consideration of corporeality, the criminal law risks marginalising, or altogether eliding, experiences of violence that do not align with its paradigmatic vision of what bodies can and must do when suffering its effects. Here I consider how the bionic body disrupts the criminal law’s understanding of human violence by being a body that is both organic and inorganic, and capable of experiencing and performing violence in unexpected ways. I propose that a criminal law that is more receptive to the changing, technologically mediated conditions of human existence would be one that takes the corporeal dimensions of violence more seriously and, as an extension of this, adopts an embodied, embedded, and relational understanding of human vulnerability to violence.

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A Durable Porcine Pericardial Surgical Bioprosthetic Heart Valve: a Proof of Concept

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Glycation and Serum Albumin Infiltration Contribute to the Structural Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves

Glycation and Serum Albumin Infiltration Contribute to the Structural Degeneration of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves

Biomaterials in Valvular Heart Diseases

Bionic Bodies, Posthuman Violence and the Disembodied Criminal Subject

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