A dynamic relationship between two regional causes of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis: α-Gal syndrome and imported fire ant

Wilson, Jeffrey M.; Keshavarz, Behnam; Retterer, Maya K.C.; Workman, Lisa J.; Schuyler, Alexander J.; McGowan, Emily C.; Lane, Charles J.; Kandeel, Alaaddin; Purser, Jane; Rönmark, Eva; LaRussa, Joseph A.; Commins, Scott P.; Merritt, Tina K.; Platts-Mills, Thomas A.E.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.034

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It has also become clear that these IgE Ab responses are associated with tick bites in the United States and also in Australia, Sweden, France, Germany, Japan, and many other countries. 9,10,37,38,[59][60][61][62][63] This is furthermore supported by the fact that tick saliva contains alphagal carrying proteins. 37 If patients with IgE Ab to alpha-gal eat meat or organs (eg, intestines or kidneys) from non-primate mammals, a proportion of them (between 5 and 20%) will experience an allergic or anaphylactic reaction which in most cases starts between 2 and 6 hours after consumption of mammalian meat.…”

Section: G Roup B Mammalian Oli G Osaccharide S Such a S G Al Ac Tos E-alpha-1 3 -G Al Ac Tos E ( Alpha-g Al) That Are Not Pre S Ent Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Platts‐Mills

Hilger

Jappe

et al. 2021

Allergy

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Until recently, glycan epitopes have not been documented by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee. This was in part due to scarce or incomplete information on these oligosaccharides, but also due to the widely held opinion that IgE to these epitopes had little or no relevance to allergic symptoms. Most IgE-binding glycans recognized up to 2008 were considered to be "classical" cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) that occur in insects, some helminths and throughout the plant kingdom. Since 2008, the prevailing opinion on lack of clinical relevance of IgEbinding glycans has been subject to a reevaluation. This was because IgE specific for the mammalian disaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) was identified as a cause of delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat in the United States, an observation that has been confirmed by allergists in many parts of the world. Several experimental studies have shown that oligosaccharides with one or more terminal alpha-gal How to cite this article: Platts-Mills TA, Hilger C, Jappe U, et al. Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE

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Section: G Roup B Mammalian Oli G Osaccharide S Such a S G Al Ac Tos E-alpha-1 3 -G Al Ac Tos E ( Alpha-g Al) That Are Not Pre S Ent Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Platts‐Mills

Hilger

Jappe

et al. 2021

Allergy

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“…However, fire ants such as Solenopsis are common in French Guiana, and an equivalent phenomenon could be described. 44,45 Ticks are vectors of many infectious bacterial diseases (Lyme disease, rickettsioses, ehrlichiosis), viral or parasitic. A study published in 2017 showed that sensitization to a-Gal was common in a tick-endemic area in Sweden but that there was no relationship with a history of Lyme borreliosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergy to Mammalian Meat Linked to Alpha-Gal Syndrome Potentially After Tick Bite in the Amazon: A Case Series

Epelboin

Roche²,

Dueymes

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The past decade has seen the emergence of a new type of food allergy occurring after ingestion of mammalian meat. This allergy is related to immunoglobulin (Ig)E specific for galactose-alpha-1,3 galactose (α-Gal). Originally described in the United States in 2009, other cases have subsequently been described in Australia and in Europe, but still very few in Latin America. The purpose of this study was to show the existence of this pathology in French Guiana and to describe the historical, clinical, and biological characteristics of these patients. Patients reporting an allergy to mammalian meat were included between September 2017 and August 2019. Eleven patients were included, nine of whom exhibited digestive symptoms; four, urticaria reactions; three, respiratory reactions; and angioedema. The time between ingestion of red meat and reaction varied between 1.5 and 6 hours. The implicated meats were most often beef and pork. All patients had been regularly exposed to tick bites before the appearance of symptoms. All the samples (n = 7) were positive for anti-α-Gal anti-mammalian meats IgE. All the patients were Caucasian French expatriates. This study confirms the presence of this new entity in French Guiana and is the largest reported in Latin America. Our results do not clearly allow us to state that tick bites are the cause of this allergy, but all patients reported being exposed regularly to these arthropods.

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“…Despite the fact that I. scapularis can also express α-Gal (79,83), this tick does not appear to be a significant cause of sensitization to α-Gal. The basis for this observation is that areas of the northeast and upper Midwest have few α-Gal cases (71,73). Interestingly, the tick bites we studied between 2007 and 2014 had a striking characteristic which was intense itching after the bites.…”

Section: Tick Bites As a Model For Understanding Allergic Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons in Innate and Allergic Immunity From Dust Mite Feces and Tick Bites

et al. 2021

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Allergic diseases represent a major cause of morbidity in modern industrialized and developing countries. The origins and development of allergic immune responses have proven difficult to unravel and remain an important scientific objective. House dust mites (HDM) and ticks represent two important causes of allergic disease. Investigations into HDM fecal particles and tick bites have revealed insights which have and will continue to shape our understanding of allergic immunity. In the present review, focus is given to the role of innate immunity in shaping the respective responses to HDM and ticks. The HDM fecal particle represents a rich milieu of molecules that can be recognized by pathogen-recognition receptors of the innate immune system. Factors in tick saliva and/or tissue damage resultant from tick feeding are thought to activate innate immune signaling that promotes allergic pathways. Recent evidence indicates that innate sensing involves not only the direct recognition of allergenic agents/organisms, but also indirect sensing of epithelial barrier disruption. Although fecal particles from HDM and bites from ticks represent two distinct causes of sensitization, both involve a complex array of molecules that contribute to an innate response. Identification of specific molecules will inform our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to allergic immunity, however the key may lie in the combination of molecules delivered to specific sites in the body.

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A dynamic relationship between two regional causes of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis: α-Gal syndrome and imported fire ant

Cited by 26 publications

References 55 publications

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Allergy to Mammalian Meat Linked to Alpha-Gal Syndrome Potentially After Tick Bite in the Amazon: A Case Series

Lessons in Innate and Allergic Immunity From Dust Mite Feces and Tick Bites

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