A Dynamic Systems: constraints approach to rehabilitation

Holt, Kenneth G.; Wagenaar, Robert O.; Saltzman, Elliot

doi:10.1590/s1413-35552010000600002

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…We wanted our findings to be representative for the real-life environments (Dingenen & Gokeler, 2017), hereby acknowledging the importance of the environmental and task constraints within the dynamic system theory (Davids et al, 2003;Holt, Wagenaar, & Saltzman, 2010). We used a portable movement analysis system in a gym to assess spinal alignment in the thoracolumbar and lumbopelvic areas during the lifts.…”

Section: Instruments and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of lumbar spinal alignment among power- and weightlifters during the deadlift and barbell back squat

Aasa

Bengtsson

Berglund

et al. 2019

Sports Biomechanics

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The aims of the study were to evaluate the relative and absolute variability of upper (T11-L2) and lower (L2-S2) lumbar spinal alignment in power-and weightlifters during the deadlift and back squat exercises, and to compare this alignment between the two lifting groups. Twenty-four competitive powerlifters (n = 14) and weightlifters (n = 10) performed three repetitions of the deadlift and the back squat exercises using a load equivalent to 70% of their respective one-repetition maximum. The main outcome measures were the three-dimensional lumbar spinal alignment for start position, minimum and maximum angle of their spinal alignment, and range of motion measured using inertial measurement units. Relative intra-trial reliability was calculated using the two-way random model intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and absolute reliability with minimal detectable change (MDC). The ICC ranged between 0.69 and 0.99 and the MDC between 1°-8°for the deadlift. Corresponding figures for the squat were 0.78-0.99 and 1°-6°. In all participants during both exercises, spinal adjustments were made in both thoracolumbar and lumbopelvic areas in all three dimensions. In conclusion, when performing three repetitions of the deadlift and the squat, lumbar spinal alignment of the lifters did not change much between repetitions and did not differ significantly between power-and weightlifters.

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Section: Instruments and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of lumbar spinal alignment among power- and weightlifters during the deadlift and barbell back squat

Aasa

Bengtsson

Berglund

et al. 2019

Sports Biomechanics

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“…In sports medicine, proponents of dynamic systems theory of motor behavior suggest that interventions surrounding training and rehabilitation should foster functional variability within the movement system to promote patterns that can adapt to changing task, environmental, and individual constraints. 24,25,[36][37][38] Results from this study showed that ankle bracing elicited acute adaptations of coordination pattern dynamics, characterized by diminished functional variability of the lower-extremity. Thus, clinicians should be aware of the potential barriers that ankle bracing may present in situations where functional variability is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ankle Bracing Alters Coordination and Coordination Variability in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability

Jagodinsky¹,

Wilburn²,

Moore³

et al. 2021

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Context: Ankle bracing is an effective form of injury prophylaxis implemented for individuals with and without chronic ankle instability, yet mechanisms surrounding bracing efficacy remain in question. Ankle bracing has been shown to invoke biomechanical and neuromotor alterations that could influence lower-extremity coordination strategies during locomotion and contribute to bracing efficacy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ankle bracing on lower-extremity coordination and coordination dynamics during walking in healthy individuals, ankle sprain copers, and individuals with chronic ankle instability. Design: Mixed factorial design. Setting: Laboratory setting. Participants: Forty-eight recreationally active individuals (16 per group) participated in this cross-sectional study. Intervention: Participants completed 15 trials of over ground walking with and without an ankle brace. Main Outcome Measures: Coordination and coordination variability of the foot–shank, shank–thigh, and foot–thigh were assessed during stance and swing phases of the gait cycle through analysis of segment relative phase and relative phase deviation, respectively. Results: Bracing elicited more synchronous, or locked, motion of the sagittal plane foot–shank coupling throughout swing phase and early stance phase, and more asynchronous motion of remaining foot–shank and foot–thigh couplings during early swing phase. Bracing also diminished coordination variability of foot–shank, foot–thigh, and shank–thigh couplings during swing phase of the gait cycle, indicating greater pattern stability. No group differences were observed. Conclusions: Greater stability of lower-extremity coordination patterns as well as spatiotemporal locking of the foot–shank coupling during terminal swing may work to guard against malalignment at foot contact and contribute to the efficacy of ankle bracing. Ankle bracing may also act antagonistically to interventions fostering functional variability.

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“…Note that this reduced multifractality remains different from corresponding surrogates. Hence, nonlinear interactions across scales can constrict movement variability, making reduced multifractality more adaptive [63][64][65]. This distinction is a departure from any shorthand presumption that 'more multifractal is better' supported by early studies of heart rate variability (HRV) [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifractality in postural sway supports quiet eye training in aiming tasks: A study of golf putting

Jacobson¹,

Berleman-Paul²,

Mangalam

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The 'quiet eye' (QE) approach to visually-guided aiming behavior invests fully in perceptual information's potential to organize coordinated action. Sports psychologists refer to QE as the stillness of the eyes during aiming tasks and increasingly into self- and externally-paced tasks. Amidst the 'noisy' fluctuations of the athlete's body, quiet eyes might leave fewer saccadic interruptions to the coupling between postural sway and optic flow. Multifractality in postural sway is a robust predictor of both visual and haptic perceptual responses. Postural sway generates optic flow centered on an individual's eye height. So, we manipulated the eye height part way through a golf-putting task for participants trained in QE or trained technically as per conventional golf putting. We predicted that perturbing the eye height by attaching wooden blocks below the feet would perturb the putting more so in QE-trained participants than in those trained technically. We also predicted that responses to this perturbation would depend on multifractality in postural sway. Specifically, we predicted that less multifractality would predict more adaptive responses to the perturbation and higher putting accuracy. Results supported both predictions. QE training and lower multifractality led to more frequent successful putts, and the perturbation of eye height led to less frequent successful putts, particularly for QE-trained participants. Models of radial error (i.e., the distance between the ball's final position and the hole) indicated that lower estimates of multifractality due to nonlinearity coincided with a more adaptive response to the perturbation. These results challenge the past suggestions that reduced multifractality might be a signature of diseased posture. Instead, they suggest that reduced multifractality may act in a context-sensitive manner to restrain motoric degrees of freedom to achieve the task goal.

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A Dynamic Systems: constraints approach to rehabilitation

Abstract: Background: Classification systems (Nagi, International Classification for Function [ICF]) have become popular for categorizing the

Cited by 34 publications

References 81 publications

Variability of lumbar spinal alignment among power- and weightlifters during the deadlift and barbell back squat

Variability of lumbar spinal alignment among power- and weightlifters during the deadlift and barbell back squat

Ankle Bracing Alters Coordination and Coordination Variability in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability

Multifractality in postural sway supports quiet eye training in aiming tasks: A study of golf putting

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