A face in a (temporal) crowd

Hacker, Catrina; Meschke, Emily; Biederman, Irving

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2018.02.007

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…each familiar face identity stimulus is forward- and backward-masked by unfamiliar face images) may appear too severe compared to real-world conditions, it is not unlike—and could even be slower—than the rate at which familiar faces could appear while exploring a static or dynamic crowd in a visual scene. Moreover, behavioural studies indicate that familiar(ized) faces can be recognized at a high level of accuracy only from a single glance [33,38,40], even when appearing in a train of unfamiliar faces [73]. Importantly, this time constraint can be applied here without an increase of decisional errors because there is no requirement of explicit recognition from the participants, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this face presentation rate allows only one fixation per face, which should be largely sufficient to individuate it. In fact, there is recent behavioural evidence that famous faces presented in a train of unfamiliar faces can be detected with an accuracy rate of 75% [73]. Nevertheless, further studies could sample a wider frequency range to optimize the neural individual face recognition response.…”

Section: Limitations and Extensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An objective, sensitive and ecologically valid neural measure of rapid human individual face recognition

Zimmermann

Yan²,

Rossion

2019

R. Soc. open sci.

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Humans may be the only species able to rapidly and automatically recognize a familiar face identity in a crowd of unfamiliar faces, an important social skill. Here, by combining electroencephalography (EEG) and fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS), we introduce an ecologically valid, objective and sensitive neural measure of this human individual face recognition function. Natural images of various unfamiliar faces are presented at a fast rate of 6 Hz, allowing one fixation per face, with variable natural images of a highly familiar face identity, a celebrity, appearing every seven images (0.86 Hz). Following a few minutes of stimulation, a high signal-to-noise ratio neural response reflecting the generalized discrimination of the familiar face identity from unfamiliar faces is observed over the occipito-temporal cortex at 0.86 Hz and harmonics. When face images are presented upside-down, the individual familiar face recognition response is negligible, being reduced by a factor of 5 over occipito-temporal regions. Differences in the magnitude of the individual face recognition response across different familiar face identities suggest that factors such as exposure, within-person variability and distinctiveness mediate this response. Our findings of a biological marker for fast and automatic recognition of individual familiar faces with ecological stimuli open an avenue for understanding this function, its development and neural basis in neurotypical individual brains along with its pathology. This should also have implications for the use of facial recognition measures in forensic science.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Extensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An objective, sensitive and ecologically valid neural measure of rapid human individual face recognition

Zimmermann

Yan²,

Rossion

2019

R. Soc. open sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent advances in these methods reveal that some brain responses are sensitive to familiarity and these responses can be accurately differentiated when presented on the fringe of awareness. There has been some evidence of a possible linkage between these responses and working memory, including fast crude recognition of familiarities in the early time window, which may be linked to subconscious memories (Moutard et al, 2015 ; Hacker et al, 2019 ; Rosenzweig and Bonneh, 2019 ).…”

Section: Sensitivity To the Perpetrator's Identification From Traces ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Thinking About Legal Truth

Rosenzweig

2022

Front. Psychol.

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In the criminal process, the fact finders assess the validity of impressions reported by witnesses based on their perceptions and determine what has happened in reality. However, these impressions are not subject to any external validity check. The Innocence Project revealed the failure of this subjective method and showed how it can lead to innocent convictions. The legal literature has examined ways to manage the risk of mistakes, but these ways are inconsistent with the scientific understanding of the need for external validity measurements, suggesting the need for new ways of thinking about the legal search for truth and justice.

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“…Headshots of 66 celebrities (33 female) were chosen based on high familiarity ratings in previous face recognition tasks (Hacker et al, 2018;Meschke et al, 2017). Three images of each celebrity were obtained via Google image search.…”

Section: Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Invariance of Recognition to the Stretching of Faces is Not Explained by Familiarity or Warping to an Average Face

Hacker¹,

Biederman²

2018

Preprint

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Stretching (or compressing) a face by a factor of two has no effect on its recognition as assessed by the speed and accuracy of judging whether the face is that of a celebrity (Hole, 2002). This invariance has stood as a challenge to all contemporary accounts of the relation between neurocomputational measures of face similarity and face recognition. We extend the documentation of strong invariance over compression to a factor of four and show that the deformation so produced is sufficiently great that the resultant image is as similar to markedly different faces—even those differing in race, sex, and expression-- as it is to the original face. The invariance to face compression is readily witnessed with less familiar celebrities and unfamiliar faces ruling out a role of exposure to transformed images of particular faces through depth rotation or viewing pictures at varied viewing angles. We additionally discount the possibility that faces are “un-stretched” by warping them to an average face. Instead, we suggest that the percept of an elongated face provides a signal for the shrink-wrapping of receptive fields to conform to an attended object, a phenomenon witnessed in single unit activity in the macaque by Moran and Desimone (1985) which may serve, more generally, as the underlying neural mechanism for object-based attention.

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A face in a (temporal) crowd

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

An objective, sensitive and ecologically valid neural measure of rapid human individual face recognition

An objective, sensitive and ecologically valid neural measure of rapid human individual face recognition

Scientific Thinking About Legal Truth

The Invariance of Recognition to the Stretching of Faces is Not Explained by Familiarity or Warping to an Average Face

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