A facile chemical method to produce superparamagnetic graphene oxide–Fe₃O₄hybrid composite and its application in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution

Abstract

A superparamagnetic graphene oxide-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composite (GO-Fe 3 O 4 ) was prepared via a simple and effective chemical method. Amino-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 (NH 2 -Fe 3 O 4 ) particles are firmly deposited on the graphene oxide sheets. The graphene oxide sheets could prevent NH 2 -Fe 3 O 4 particles from agglomeration and enable a good dispersion of these oxide particles. The as-prepared GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composite had a much higher thermal stability than graphene oxide. The amount of NH 2 -Fe 3 O 4 loaded on GO was estimated to be 23.6 wt% by atomic absorption spectrometry. The specific saturation magnetization (M s ) of the GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composite is 15 emu g À1 . The magnetic GO-Fe 3 O 4 composite has been employed as adsorbent for the magnetic separation of dye contaminants from water. The adsorption test of dyes (Methylene Blue (MB) and Neutral Red (NR)) demonstrates that it only takes 30 min for MB and 90 min for NR to attain equilibrium. The adsorption capacities for MB and NR in the concentration range studied are 167.2 and 171.3 mg g À1 , respectively. The GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composite can be easily manipulated in magnetic field for desired separation, leading to the removal of dyes from polluted water. These GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composites have great potential applications in removing organic dyes from polluted water.

Clicking graphene oxide and Fe3O4 nanoparticles together: an efficient adsorbent to remove dyes from aqueous solutions

“…The maximum adsorption capacity was attained 109.5 and 98.8 mg g -1 for MB and CR, respectively, at an initial concentration of 20 mg L -1 . The obtained result is comparable with the previous reports (Yao et al 2012;Xie et al 2012). Tables 1 and 2 show the results obtained in this study with those in the previously reported works on adsorption capacities of various adsorbent in aqueous solution for MB.…”

“…The short equilibrium time needed indicates that the hybrid has high adsorption efficiency to remove cationic and anionic dyes from contaminated water. The obtained results are better than the ones reported previously (Yao et al 2012;Xie et al 2012). The adsorption isotherms of MB and CR for the hybrid are shown in Fig.…”

“…For example, Fe 3 O 4 NPs modified by tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane was reacted with carboxylic groups of GO with the aid of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide to form a GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid and was used to remove neutral red from contaminated water ). An easy chemical method to produce superparamagnetic GO-Fe 3 O 4 hybrid composite and its application in the removal of dyes has also been reported by Xie et al (2012). In a very recent work, dopamine-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 NPs were reacted with GO.…”

Synthesis and Potential Adsorption of Fe3O4@C Core-Shell Nanoparticles for to Removal of Pollutants in Aqueous Solutions: A Brief Review.

“…After the adsorption is accomplished, the nanoparticles can be easily separated from the water by the application of a magnetic field. Hao et al [19] showed that the prepared the γ-Fe 2 O 3 @C nano composite (20 nm) was able to remove approximately 80% of the congo red (CR) within 10 min, and the final removal efficiency of CR was up to 96 @C NPs exhibit better performance for negative charged MO, which strongly suggests that the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate is electrostatic. In summary, the different adsorption behavior together with the magnetic separation provide a simple and versatile strategy toward designing hybrid NPs for a variety of requirements in water pollution treatment.…”

RhB Adsorption Performance of Magnetic Adsorbent Fe3O4/RGO Composite and Its Regeneration through A Fenton-like Reaction

“…In general, the Fe 3 O 4 /GO (or RGO) nanocomposites can be synthesized by solvothermal, self-assembly with covalent bond, and in-situ chemical coprecipitation methods, and display efficient adsorption performance in the removals of organic dyes and inorganic metal ions in wastewater [19,[23][24][25][26][27]. The abundant oxygen-containing groups on GO enable a hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions with organic adsorbates, while the hydrophobic polyaromatic islands of unoxidized benzene rings of RGO offer hydrophobic interaction and π-π stacks toward the organic molecules, especially conjugation molecules.…”