A facile method for determining the Fe(0) content and reactivity of zero valent iron

Li, Shaolin; Ding, Yongfeng; Wang, Wei; Hong, Lei

doi:10.1039/c5ay02182k

Cited by 51 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…This concept (k SA concept) introduced in 1996 [86] was not successful but is still widely used [88,89]. Given that characterizing the intrinsic reactivity of Fe 0 materials is a prerequisite for discussing Fe 0 selection, the few available characterization tools [90][91][92][93] should be routinely used (Section 5.2). Table 2.…”

Section: The Variability Of Operational Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Fe0-Based Filters a Universal Solution for Safe Drinking Water Provision

et al. 2017

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Metallic iron (Fe 0 )-based filtration systems have the potential to significantly contribute to the achievement of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of substantially improving the human condition by 2030 through the provision of clean water. Recent knowledge on Fe 0 -based safe drinking water filters is addressed herein. They are categorized into two types: Household and community filters. Design criteria are recalled and operational details are given. Scientists are invited to co-develop knowledge enabling the exploitation of the great potential of Fe 0 filters for sustainable safe drinking water provision (and sanitation).

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Section: The Variability Of Operational Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Fe0-Based Filters a Universal Solution for Safe Drinking Water Provision

et al. 2017

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“…Equation (30) accelerates Fe 0 corrosion by consuming Fe 2+ (LeChatelier) and thus increasing the production of iron oxides/hydroxides for Cr VI adsorption and co-precipitation. Equation (31) [137]. Equations (36)- (39) shows that Cr III is a hard Lewis acid with a high tendency to undergo hydrolysis [138].…”

Section: Overview Of Reactions Of Engineering Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…ZVI is in essence an ill-defined material encompassing all Fe 0 -based alloys, commercially available as "granular iron", "iron filings", "iron chips", and "iron shavings", etc. [6,26,28,30,31]. Even though Fe 0 reactivity toward both inorganic and organic substances was reported much earlier by an important number of works [13,15,17,21,[32][33][34], the use of Fe 0 as a reactive material for water remediation received a great deal of attention only at the beginning of the 1990s, after the publication of the first experimental studies focused on the degradation of chlorinated aliphatics [35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Understanding the Mechanism of CrVI Removal in Fe0-Based Filtration Systems

Gheju¹

2018

Water

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Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI ) compounds are used in a variety of industrial applications and, as a result, large quantities of Cr VI have been released into the environment due to inadequate precautionary measures or accidental releases. Cr VI is highly toxic to most living organisms and a known human carcinogen by inhalation route of exposure. Another major issue of concern about Cr VI compounds is their high mobility, which easily leads to contamination of surface waters, soil, and ground waters. In recent years, attention has been focused on the use of metallic iron (Fe 0 ) for the abatement of Cr VI polluted waters. Despite a great deal of research, the mechanisms behind the efficient aqueous Cr VI removal in the presence of Fe 0 (Fe 0 /H 2 O systems) remain deeply controversial. The introduction of the Fe 0 -based filtration technology, at the beginning of 1990s, was coupled with the broad consensus that direct reduction of Cr VI by Fe 0 was followed by co-precipitation of resulted cations (Cr III , Fe III ). This view is still the dominant removal mechanism (reductive-precipitation mechanism) within the Fe 0 remediation industry. An overview on the literature on the Cr geochemistry suggests that the reductive-precipitation theory should never have been adopted. Moreover, recent investigations recalling that a Fe 0 /H 2 O system is an ion-selective one in which electrostatic interactions are of primordial importance is generally overlooked. The present work critically reviews existing knowledge on the Fe 0 /Cr VI /H 2 O and Cr VI /H 2 O systems, and clearly demonstrates that direct reduction with Fe 0 followed by precipitation is not acceptable, under environmental relevant conditions, as the sole/main mechanism of Cr VI removal in the presence of Fe 0 .

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“…The main problem of the Fe 0 filtration technology is the lack of appropriate standard tools to characterize the reactivity of used materials [47][48][49]. In other words, ill-defined materials have been used by various research groups and remediation companies for the past two decades.…”

Section: The Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reactive Fe 0 materials used for water filters are characterized mostly by their size/thickness of less than 5.0 mm [46][47][48][49]. A widely-used Fe 0 sample from iPuTech (Rheinfelde, Germany) has a grain size varying from 0.3 to 2.0 mm [16,47].…”

Section: Major Characteristics Of Fe 0 Materials For Water Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Metallic Iron Filters: Modeling Gone Astray

Noubactep

2016

Water

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Abstract:Since its introduction about 25 years ago, metallic iron (Fe 0 ) has shown its potential as the key component of reactive filtration systems for contaminant removal in polluted waters. Technical applications of such systems can be enhanced by numerical simulation of a filter design to improve, e.g., the service time or the minimum permeability of a prospected system to warrant the required output water quality. This communication discusses the relevant input quantities into such a simulation model, illustrates the possible simplifications and identifies the lack of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic data. As a result, necessary steps are outlined that may improve the numerical simulation and, consequently, the technical design of Fe 0 filters. Following a general overview on the key reactions in a Fe 0 system, the importance of iron corrosion kinetics is illustrated. Iron corrosion kinetics, expressed as a rate constant k iron , determines both the removal rate of contaminants and the average permeability loss of the filter system. While the relevance of a reasonable estimate of k iron is thus obvious, information is scarce. As a conclusion, systematic experiments for the determination of k iron values are suggested to improve the database of this key input parameter to Fe 0 filters.

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A facile method for determining the Fe(0) content and reactivity of zero valent iron

Abstract: This work provides a facile and reliable way to assess the quality of metallic iron used for environmental clean-up.

Cited by 51 publications

References 48 publications

Making Fe0-Based Filters a Universal Solution for Safe Drinking Water Provision

Making Fe0-Based Filters a Universal Solution for Safe Drinking Water Provision

Progress in Understanding the Mechanism of CrVI Removal in Fe0-Based Filtration Systems

Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Metallic Iron Filters: Modeling Gone Astray

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