A C o m m e n t o n t h e G u r j a r M e c h a n i s m f o r A l k e n e I s o m e r i z a t i o nAbstract: The mechanism of allylic alcohol isomerization in the presence of the Grubbs metathesis catalysts is discussed.In a recent study we reported 1 that 1a (Figure 1) serves as an active catalyst in Atom Transfer Cyclization Reactions 2 (ATCR) and noted in one particular example, cyclization of the ester 2a, that the isomerized, unsaturated lactone 5a rather than the chlorolactone 3a was obtained in high yield. This outcome was in variance with that observed when the more traditional Cu(I)-bipy catalyst 3 was employed in this cyclization which indeed resulted in the formation of the chlorolactone 3a, again in high yield. In the case of 1a we reasoned that 5a arose from 3a via isomerization of the alkene 4a (Scheme 1).
Figure 1This assumption gained credence when we noted that the complex 1a was shown by others 4 to be capable of isomerizing allylic ethers to vinyl ethers, although less efficiently than with RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 3 , and allylic amines to enamines. 5 Synthetic applications of these processes have now appeared. 6 In addition the isomerization of allylic alcohols to aldehydes/ketones using catalytic quantities of 1a has also been noted by several groups. 7 A mechanistic rational (Scheme 2) put forward by Gurjar 8a to account for the latter transformation invokes the formation of a metallacyclobutane 8b,c 6 which can undergo b-hydride elimination 8d to the s-complex 7 which on reductive elimination generates the enol tautomer 8 of the ketonic product 9 with concomitant regeneration the carbene complex 1a. These authors also suggested that minor amounts of a,b-unsaturated ketones 10 apparently arose from decomposition of the s-complex 7. Given that transition metal-catalyzed alkene isomerization reactions in general 13 and allylic alcohol-ketone interconversions in particular 14 have been the focus of a number of mechanistic studies, the novelty of the Gurjar hypothesis made us question the mechanism by which 2a was converted into 5a during our ATCR-isomerization sequence.