A facile synthesis of platinum nanoparticle decorated graphene by one-step γ-ray induced reduction for high rate supercapacitors

Abstract

A facile method has been developed to synthesize a high-quality platinum nanoparticle (PtNP) decorated graphene via one-step g-ray induced reduction of graphite oxide (GO) and chloroplatinic acid at room temperature. GO and Pt(IV) precursor salt could be co-reduced by the electrons generated from the radiolysis of ethylene glycol under g-ray irradiation. The synchronous reduction of the metal precursor and regulation of pH greatly increased the ratio of C/O in the reduced GO (RGO). PtNPs with an average diameter of 1.8 nm were uniformly dispersed on the surface of RGO sheets. The as-prepared PtNP-RGO composites as supercapacitor electrodes displayed a specific capacitance of 154 F g À1 at a current density of 0.1 A g À1 and the value retained as high as 72.3% at 20 A g À1 which was significantly enhanced compared to 16.2% capacity retention of RGO prepared by the same method. The investigation of electrochemical performances suggests that PtNPs play an important role in enhancing supercapacitor performance with high rate capability by accelerating the electron transfer and increasing the electrochemical active surface area of RGO.

Graphene-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids Synthesized by Gamma Radiations: Application as a Glucose Sensor

“…Figure 4 new structure. It has been reported that, after irradiation and removal of oxygen-containing functional groups, graphene oxide shrinks and the interlayer spacing decreases [45]. However, in the present reaction, at the time of reduction (during irradiation) MWCNTs are introduced between the graphene layers, and they avoid stacking up of graphene layers,therefore interlayer spacing does not show significant changes.…”

Partially Exfoliated Graphite Paper as Free‐Standing Electrode for Supercapacitors

“…The vibrational modes of GP, Oxd‐GP and Red‐GP are characterized using Raman spectroscopy and the Raman spectra are given in Figure . The Raman spectrum of graphite exhibits a prominent G‐band peak at 1582 cm −1 due to the in‐plane vibration of sp 2 ‐bonded carbon atoms and a negligible shoulder at 1359 cm −1 designated to the D‐band associated with vibrations of carbon atoms with dangling bonds in plane terminations . The I D /I G ratio of GP is calculated to be 0.027.…”

Physical Properties of Graphene via γ-radiolysis of Exfoliated Graphene Oxide

“…Because of graphene's superior stability, excellent conducting and high surface area [24][25][26][27] it has been investigated extensively. Graphene sheets usually tend to agglomerate through van der Waals forces between adjacent layers which significantly increase internal resistance and great loss of capacitance [28]. However, graphene-based composites can effectively be used to prevent the re-stacking of graphene to improve its properties [29][30][31].…”