“…Among them, by using a polynomial transform (PT), Duhamel and Guillemot [24] [27][28][29][30][31], matrix factorization or recursive computation [32][33][34][35][36][37], constant geometry algorithm [38,39], and Chebyshev polynomial [40]. Among them, Britanak and Rao [36] developed an efficient recursive 2-D DCT algorithm for a rectangular 2 m ×2 n block sizes.…”