A fast and accurate model for the creation of explosion fragments with improved fragment shape and dimensions

Felix, David; Colwill, Ian; Harris, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.dt.2020.12.004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…14 How circumferential and axial fragments are created is outlined in Felix and Harris's paper. 11 The simulation model assumes the first circumferential fragment touches the Z-axis. This limits the initial position of the first fragment but makes the simulation easier to execute, having a fixed starting point.…”

Section: Identify the Circumferential Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expansion of the warhead is symmetrical about the X -axis and the expansion at a given x value can be calculated for fragments with midpoints along an axis denoted by Y Z θ , and 0 ≤θ≤ 360 degrees. The equation of the expanded warhead is a simplified version of the quartic equation in Felix and Harris’s paper 11 and assumes the maximum expansion is at the midpoint of the warhead:…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of circumferential fragments is set out in Felix and Harris's paper. 11 This is a random process, depending on the Poisson distribution, and each time the simulation is run a new set of fragments is created. 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identify the axial fragments. Their thickness will be the thickness of the casing and their length is set out in Felix and Harris's paper 11 (their width is set out in item 3 above). This is another random process, depending on another Poisson distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time simulation of a fragmenting explosion for cylindrical warheads

Felix

Colwill

Harris

2021

Journal of Defense Modeling & Simulation

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Explosion models based on finite element analysis (FEA) can be used to simulate how a warhead fragments. However, their execution times are extensive. Active protection systems need to make very fast predictions, before a fast attacking weapon hits the target. Fast execution times are also needed in real-time simulations where the impact of many different computer models is being assessed. Hence, FEA explosion models are not appropriate for these real-time systems. As a trade-off between accuracy and execution time, this paper creates a simulation of fragments from a warhead’s explosion, using simple analytical equations. The results are verified against explosion experimental data and FEA results. The developed model then can be made available for real-time simulation and fast computation.

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Section: Identify the Circumferential Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time simulation of a fragmenting explosion for cylindrical warheads

Felix

Colwill

Harris

2021

Journal of Defense Modeling & Simulation

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“…Based on physically-based material constitutive and failure algorithms in the Eulerian numerical framework, Cullis et al [ 19 ] analyzed the fracture of thick-walled EN24 steel cylinders filled with PBXN-109 explosive. To optimize the description of the dimensions with the support of experimental data, Felix et al [ 20 ] developed a rapid generation model for the shape and size of blast fragments. To analyze the dispersion of prefabricated fragments in the full spatial and temporal domain, Wang et al [ 21 ] used the continuum–discontinuum element method [ 22 ] to investigate the large deformation and cross-scale calculations of the warhead rupture process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

Ou¹,

Yuan²,

Jiao³

et al. 2023

Materials

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The scattering of fragments is a notable characteristic of the explosive detonation of a shelled charge. This study examines the fracture and fragmentation of the shell and the process by which natural fragments form under the strains of implosion. The analysis takes into account both the explosive’s energy output and the casing’s dynamic response. For this purpose, utilizing a thermochemical code as an alternative to the conventionally employed cylinder test, the Jones–Wilkins–Lee equation of state (JWL EOS) was calibrated within a range of relative specific volume up to 13. The detonation of the shelled charge was subsequently analyzed using the continuum–discontinuum element method (CDEM). Following this, the formation mechanisms and scattering characteristics of natural fragments were scrutinized. The analysis found that the shell predominantly experiences shear failure with uniform evolution, displaying a “hysteresis effect” and two mutation stages in the evolution of tensile failure. Within the JWL EOS’s calibrated range, the representation of fragment displacement and velocity improved by 47.97% and 5.30%, respectively. This study provides valuable guidance for designing the power field of warheads and assessing their destructive power.

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Internal Blast Effect Reduced by Dust Created by Fragments

Seisson,

Romann,

Dufourmentel

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The attenuation effect on pressure and impulse of the metallic casing of an explosive charge, namely, Fano's effect, is a well‐known phenomenon thanks to the founding works of Fano and Fisher. It is mainly attributed to the kinetic energy transferred from the high explosive (HE) to the casing. Later, few authors quantified the contribution of secondary mechanisms to this phenomenon, such as the yield stress of the metal, see, for example, Hutchinson. More recently, Baum et al. and Ohrt have suggested an additional attenuation effect when the detonation of cased charges occurs inside closed or vented rooms. The metallic debris produced by the fragmentation of the envelope strikes the walls, generating secondary debris and dust. This later consumes energy (kinetic and thermal) from the detonation products, implying a decrease in the apparent pressure and impulse. The present work experimentally verifies this phenomenon thanks to cylindrical bare and cased charges of various HE types and mass detonating at the center of a small‐scale vented concrete building. Internal impulses are estimated by several measurement methods, which all evidence that the impulse decrease endorsed by the secondary dust is highly significant. It is indeed of the same order of magnitude that the impulse diminution attributed to Fano's effect. These results may pave the way for a better insight into internal detonation effects, particularly for safety studies on munition storage.

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A fast and accurate model for the creation of explosion fragments with improved fragment shape and dimensions

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Real-time simulation of a fragmenting explosion for cylindrical warheads

Real-time simulation of a fragmenting explosion for cylindrical warheads

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

Internal Blast Effect Reduced by Dust Created by Fragments

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