A Fast Histochemical Staining Method to Identify Hyaline Droplets in the Rat Kidney

Rijk, Eveline P. C. T. de; Ravesloot, Wilma T.M.; Wijnands, Yvonne M.; Esch, Eric van

doi:10.1080/01926230390213775

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Likewise, in the kidneys of all treated males eosinophilic cytoplasmic droplets were present, with a dose-dependent shift to higher grades. In a supplementary study the kidney slides of exclusively male rats were stained also with Mallory Heidenhain stain , which results in enhanced staining of the cytoplasmic droplets (De Rijk et al, 2003;Frazier et al, 2012); this confirmed the observations of the eosine staining. An increased hyaline droplet accumulation in male rats exclusively is characteristic of α 2u -globulin nephropathy (Hard et al, 1993), which is considered a male rat specific effect with little relevance for humans.…”

Section: -Day Study On β-Caryophyllene [Fl-no: 01007]supporting

confidence: 69%

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3

Flavourings¹

2015

EFS2

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] is in the process of being deleted from the Union List. This revision is owing to additional genotoxicity data on β-caryophyllene .007] and 90-day studies in rats on β-caryophyllene .007] and myrcene [FLno: 01.008]. The substances were evaluated through a stepwise approach that integrates information on structureactivity relationships, intake from current uses, toxicological threshold of concern, and available data on metabolism and toxicity. The specifications for the materials of commerce are adequate for all substances. The Panel concluded that the 21 aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons 01.024, 01.026, 01.029, 01.040, 01.045 .029] based upon the respective MSDI for these substances and the NOAEL for ß-caryophyllene, range between 7400 and 1.1x10 7 . The Panel agrees that this provides sufficient safety margins and that these flavouring substances can be evaluated at step B4 in the Procedure as being of no safety concern.For four substances 01.018, 01.040 and 01.061] adequate margins of safety compared to the estimated levels of intake were estimated based upon a NOAEL from a 90-day study in rats, for the representative substance myrcene . The NOAEL of 44 mg/kg bw per day provides a margin of safety of 9100 for myrcene. The margins of safety for 01.040 and 01.061] based upon the respective MSDI for these substances and the NOAEL for myrcene are 4.8x10 5 , 4.4x10 6 and 1.1x10 7 , respectively. The Panel agrees that this provides sufficient safety margins and that these flavouring substances can be evaluated at step B4 in the Procedure as being of no safety concern. .026] and the mTAMDI have been considered. The mTAMDI figures calculated were above the threshold of concern for all four substances and more reliable exposure data are needed. On the basis of such additional data these flavouring substances should be reconsidered using the Procedure. For the remaining 17 substances evaluated through the Procedure use levels are needed to calculate the mTAMDIs in order to identify those flavouring substances that need more refined exposure assessment to finalise the evaluation.In order to determine whether the conclusion for the 21 JECFA evaluated substances can be applied to the materials of commerce, it is necessary to consider the available specifications.Adequate specifications including complete purity criteria and identity are available for all 21 JECFA evaluated substances.Thus, for the 21 substances 4

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Section: -Day Study On β-Caryophyllene [Fl-no: 01007]supporting

confidence: 69%

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3

Flavourings¹

2015

EFS2

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“…268 Moreover, the capacity for renal protein handling in males is less than in females. 273 Ultrastructural examination reveals membrane-bound bodies often containing crystalloid structures composed of arrays of an ordered electron-dense lattice with distinct periodicity, features suggestive of crystalline protein (Figure 10.6b). 269 Although humans excrete proteins of a similar nature, they are found in only trace amounts.…”

Section: Hyaline Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract

Greaves

2012

Histopathology of Preclinical Toxicity Studies

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“…Formalin-fixed kidney and liver samples were processed routinely into paraffin, sectioned at 3 mm and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Kidney samples were also stained with chromotrope-aniline-blue (CAB; De Rijk et al, 2003). Kidney and liver sections were examined microscopically; in the kidneys, degenerative lesions (H&E sections) were graded on a scale of 1-5, and hyaline droplet formation (CAB sections) on a scale of 1-3.…”

Section: Tissue Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephrotoxicity of hexachloro‐1:3‐butadiene in the male Hanover Wistar rat; correlation of minimal histopathological changes with biomarkers of renal injury

Swain

Turton

Scudamore

et al. 2011

J of Applied Toxicology

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Hexachloro-1:3-butadiene (HCBD) causes damage specifically to the renal proximal tubule in rats. In the present study, injury to the nephron of male Hanover Wistar rats was characterized at 24 h following dosing with HCBD in the range 5-90 mg kg⁻¹ to determine the most sensitive biomarkers of damage, that is, the biomarkers demonstrating significant changes at the lowest dose of HCBD, using a range of measurements in serum and urine, renal histopathology, and renal and hepatic gene expression. Histologically, kidney degeneration was noted at doses as low as 10 mg kg⁻¹ HCBD. Significant changes in the hepatic and renal gene expression categories of xenobiotic metabolism and oxidative stress were observed at 5 mg kg⁻¹ HCBD, and in the kidney alone, evidence of inflammation at 90 mg kg⁻¹ HCBD. Increases in the urinary excretion of α-glutathione S-transferase (α-GST) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were seen at 10 mg kg⁻¹ HCBD, and increases in urinary excretion of albumin and total protein were evident at 15 mg kg⁻¹ HCBD. The most sensitive, noninvasive biomarkers of HCBD-induced renal toxicity in Hanover Wistar rats were urinary α-GST and KIM-1. Urinary albumin measurement is also recommended as, although it is not the most sensitive biomarker, together with α-GST, albumin showed the largest relative increase of all the biomarkers investigated, and the protein is easily measured.

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A Fast Histochemical Staining Method to Identify Hyaline Droplets in the Rat Kidney

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3

Urinary Tract

Nephrotoxicity of hexachloro‐1:3‐butadiene in the male Hanover Wistar rat; correlation of minimal histopathological changes with biomarkers of renal injury

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