“…As can be observed, the average model given by Equations (21)-(24) is now represented by the differential parameterization given by Equations (26)-(31) expressed in terms of variables F 1 and F 2 and their corresponding derivatives with respect to time. Such a representation, compared to Equations (21)- (24), allows the reference trajectories associated with states i, υ, and i a and inputs u 1av and u 2av to be found offline [38]. Thus, when F 1 and F 2 are replaced by E * and ω * in Equations (26)-(31), the reference trajectories are obtained; this is, i * , υ * , i * a , u * 1av , and u * 2av .…”