A fatal intoxication by chloroprene

Rickert, Annette; Hartung, Benno; Kardel, Bernd; Teloh, Johanna Katharina; Daldrup, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.029

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…No epidemiological studies or occupational exposure studies were identified that investigated the potential for beta-chloroprene to cause systemic effects following dermal exposure. A case report of fatal intoxication was described by Rickert et al [2012]. A 29-year-old chemistry company worker was found unconscious and had an acute cardiac arrest in an empty vessel that was used for beta-chloroprene.…”

Section: Systemic Toxicity From Skin Exposure (Sk: Sys)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The worker was wearing a respiratory mask (without an independent air supply), a helmet, trousers and shoes but his upper body was unclothed. Because the worker was wearing a respiratory mask, the investigators assumed that a substantial amount of beta-chloroprene was also absorbed through the skin [Rickert et al 2012]. The authors concluded that the death was likely caused by both inhalation and dermal absorption in conjunction with lack of oxygen.…”

Section: Systemic Toxicity From Skin Exposure (Sk: Sys)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No epidemiological studies or occupational exposure studies, and no acute, subchronic, chronic or specialty studies in animals were identified that assessed the potential for beta-chloroprene to cause systemic toxicity following dermal exposure. A case report of a fatality [Rickert et al 2012]…”

Section: Systemic Toxicity From Skin Exposure (Sk: Sys)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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NIOSH skin notation profile: beta-chloroprene.

2022

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Section: Systemic Toxicity From Skin Exposure (Sk: Sys)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systemic Toxicity From Skin Exposure (Sk: Sys)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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NIOSH skin notation profile: beta-chloroprene.

2022

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“…Of the 11 studies published after the 2010 Review, we found that four studies did not meet our inclusion criteria (Chen et al., ; Eckert, Leng, Gries, & Goen, ; NTP, ; Rickert, Hartung, Kardel, Teloh, & Daldrup, ) and were, therefore, excluded from this assessment. One was the summary profile from the 14th Report on Carcinogens (NTP, ) and was excluded because it did not provide any information that was not already considered in the Review or this assessment.…”

Section: Literature Search and Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Rickert et al. () was excluded because it is an acute exposure, poisoning study and the Chen et al. () study was excluded because it has no assays or experiments focusing on evaluating the potential for cancer or endpoints relevant to cancer following chloroprene exposure.…”

Section: Literature Search and Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Analysis and Evidence Integration of Chloroprene as a Human Carcinogen

et al. 2019

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β‐Chloroprene is used in the production of polychloroprene, a synthetic rubber. In 2010, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the Integrated Risk Information System “Toxicological Review of Chloroprene,” concluding that chloroprene was “likely to be carcinogenic to humans.” This was based on findings from a 1998 National Toxicology Program (NTP) study showing multiple tumors within and across animal species; results from occupational epidemiological studies; a proposed mutagenic mode of action; and structural similarities with 1,3‐butadiene and vinyl chloride. Using mouse data from the NTP study and assuming a mutagenic mode of action, EPA calculated an inhalation unit risk (IUR) for chloroprene of 5 × 10−4 per µg/m3. This is among the highest IURs for chemicals classified by IARC or EPA as known or probable human carcinogens and orders of magnitude higher than the IURs for carcinogens such as vinyl chloride, benzene, and 1,3‐butadiene. Due to differences in pharmacokinetics, mice appear to be uniquely responsive to chloroprene exposure compared to other animals, including humans, which is consistent with the lack of evidence of carcinogenicity in robust occupational epidemiological studies. We evaluated and integrated all lines of evidence for chloroprene carcinogenicity to assess whether the 2010 EPA IUR could be scientifically substantiated. Due to clear interspecies differences in carcinogenic response to chloroprene, we applied a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for chloroprene to calculate a species‐specific internal dose (amount metabolized/gram of lung tissue) and derived an IUR that is over 100‐fold lower than the 2010 EPA IUR. Therefore, we recommend that EPA's IUR be updated.

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Chloroprene

Hurst¹

2014

Encyclopedia of Toxicology

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A fatal intoxication by chloroprene

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

NIOSH skin notation profile: beta-chloroprene.

NIOSH skin notation profile: beta-chloroprene.

Extended Analysis and Evidence Integration of Chloroprene as a Human Carcinogen

Chloroprene

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