A field-scale investigation of nutrient and sediment reduction efficiencies of a low-technology best management practice: Low-grade weirs

Baker, Beth H.; Kröger, R.; Prevost, John; Pierce, T.E.; Ramírez-Ávila, John J.; Czarnecki, Joby M. Prince; Faust, Derek R.; Flora, Corrin

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.02.038

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Mean

{NO}_{3}^{-}

‐N concentrations at ditch inflows were 1.0 mg/L, 1.25 mg/L, and 2.5 mg/L for low‐, medium‐, and high‐flow rates, respectively, when mixed with well water flowing into the ditches. These

{NO}_{3}^{-}

‐N concentrations are consistent with regionally published concentrations in agricultural drainage ditches (Baker et al, ; Littlejohn et al, ). Dissolved organic carbon was added as glucose (Acros Organics) to 606 L of well water in a 1,893‐L polyethylene tank for DOC amendment treatments.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

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Investigating the role of organic carbon amendments and microbial denitrification gene abundance in nitrogen removal from experimental agricultural drainage ditches with low‐grade weirs

Faust

Kröger²,

Baker

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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Low-grade weirs placed within agricultural drainage ditches in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley can be used as a management practice to enhance nitrogen removal. The addition of organic carbon amendments within ditches that contain weirs could further increase nitrogen removal. Through repeated trials, changes in NO − 3 -N concentration between inflow and outflow were variable in the ditch without weirs, while only decreases in concentration were observed in ditches with weirs. Significant differences in NO − 3 -N concentrations were observed between treatments, with greater removal of NO − 3 -N observed in dissolved organic carbon treatments compared to control and particulate organic carbon treatments. At medium-and high-flow rates, respectively, dissolved organic carbon treatments resulted in greater NO − 3 -N concentration decreases of 31.6% and 27.1% compared to 19% and 11.6% in particulate organic carbon treatments and 18.6% and 17.2% in control treatments. Significant effects of weirs and sampling date on nirS, nirK, nosZ, and 16S rRNA gene abundances were observed. Observed increases in NO − 3 -N removal with organic carbon amendments, provides support for continued investigation on improving the efficacy of organic carbon amendments as a best management practice for NO − 3 -N removal in agricultural drainage ditches. • Practitioner points• Dissolved organic carbon amendments increased nitrate-nitrogen removal. • Only decreases in nitrate-nitrogen concentration were observed in ditches with weirs. • Increasing flow rate did not affect nitrate-nitrogen removal. • Abundance of denitrification-performing microbes likely did not affect N removal. • Lack of anaerobic soil conditions and short residence time reduced nitrate-N removal.

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“…Mean

{NO}_{3}^{-}

‐N concentrations at ditch inflows were 1.0 mg/L, 1.25 mg/L, and 2.5 mg/L for low‐, medium‐, and high‐flow rates, respectively, when mixed with well water flowing into the ditches. These

{NO}_{3}^{-}

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Data from drainage ditches in the Mississippi Delta indicated that nitrate concentrations are higher at higher flow rates (Baker et al, ; Littlejohn et al, ). Mean concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in the well water were 0.18 mg/L, 0.11 mg/L, and less than method detection limits, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the role of organic carbon amendments and microbial denitrification gene abundance in nitrogen removal from experimental agricultural drainage ditches with low‐grade weirs

Faust

Kröger²,

Baker

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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“…Nutrient analyses included orthophosphate (PO 4 3− ), nitrate + nitrite (NO 3 − + NO 2 − ), nitrite (NO 2 − ), and ammonium (NH 4 + ) using the Lachat QuickChem Series 2 Flow Injection Analyzer following methods described in Baker et al. (). Nitrate + nitrite were combined with NH 4 + to represent total inorganic nitrogen (NO 3 − + NO 2 − + NH 4 + ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation of wild pig (Sus scrofa) impacts in water quality

et al. 2020

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The United States, particularly the southern portion, has recently suffered drastic population expansion of wild pigs causing destruction of prime farmland. An associated concern, which has been understudied, is the potential transfer of nutrients and pathogens to surface water. This study aimed to identify the abiotic and biotic impacts of captive wild pigs on water quality, including nutrients, fecal indicator and pathogenic bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance. Overall, the study demonstrated that wild pigs harbored Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens, which were found in water runoff collected directly beneath the hog paddock, often 2 log10 greater than above‐paddock levels. However, the impacts to downstream water quality were limited, perhaps because of a relatively large riparian buffer between the paddock and surface water. A higher rate of ammonium concentration changes over time was detected in the runoff water below the paddock; additionally, microbial releases detected in runoff were also time dependent, possibly associated with increasing pig numbers. Antibiotic resistance was generally not associated with the wild pigs. Antibiotic resistance genes were found in upstream as well as downstream surface water, suggesting that nonpoint sources of microbial contamination were present. Interestingly, intI1 levels were greater in below‐paddock runoff by nearly 2 log10. Overall, it appears that wild pigs potentially pose a threat to water quality but only if they have direct access to the water. Pathogen, fecal indicator bacteria, and some nutrient release were significantly associated with wild pigs, but riparian buffers limited water quality impairment.

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“…Land use in the MAP is overwhelmingly agricultural with row crop farming of largely corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), and cotton (Gossypium), and both drainages were used exclusively for row crop agriculture. The Cropland Data Layer produced by the USDA was used to provide hectarage estimates of various crop types in both drainages by year (USDA NASS 2007-2016. For both sites, two or more crops were planted within the drainage each year.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixed results presented here are consistent with other studies in agricultural drainages in the MAP, as well as other intensive agricultural areas with BMPs. Some studies have shown decreases in sediment (Lizotte et al 2014;Corsi et al 2005), P (Bishop et al 2005;Baker et al 2016;Littejohn et al 2014), and N (Corsi et al 2005;Littlejohn et al 2014), while other studies have shown little to no reduction in sediment or nutrient (Lizotte et al 2017;Baker et al 2018;Corsi et al 2012).…”

Section: Potential Changes Between Early and Late Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing water quality changes in agricultural drainages: Examples from oxbow lake tributaries in northwestern Mississippi, United States, and simulation-based power analyses

Murphy¹,

Hicks²,

Stocks³

2020

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Hydrology (streamflow and stage) and water quality (suspended sediment, total nitrogen [N], ammonia [NH 3 ], total Kjeldahl N, nitrate plus nitrite [NO 3 + NO 2 ], and total phosphorus [TP]) were monitored in two small agricultural drainages in northwestern Mississippi to document changes in water quality that coincided with the implementation of best management practices (BMPs) in upstream drainages. Using an event-based data set and bootstrapping techniques, we tested for difference and equivalence in median event concentration and differences in concentration-streamflow (C-Q) relationships between an early and late period at each site, where most of the major BMP implementation occurred during the early period. Results for Bee Lake Tributary were inconclusive. Using 95% confidence intervals, none of the constituents were statistically different or equivalent for median event concentrations between the periods, indicating a lack of evidence to determine whether water quality had changed or stayed the same, and only TP had a significantly higher C-Q intercept during the late period. At Lake Washington Tributary, more than half the constituents had a significantly different median, slope, or intercept between periods, indicating a 35% or more decrease in event concentration following a period of intense BMP implementation. These mixed results could be due to a variety of differences between the sites including the type and timing of BMP implementation, production practices, and crop types. We also used the monitoring data to generate synthetic data and performed a simulation-based power analysis to explore the ability to detect change under 25 scenarios of sampled event counts and hypothetical percentage changes. The simulation-based power analysis indicated that natural variability in event concentration and flow hindered our ability to detect change. The results from this study can be used to guide future decisions pertaining to monitoring efforts in small agricultural drainage basins in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain.

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A field-scale investigation of nutrient and sediment reduction efficiencies of a low-technology best management practice: Low-grade weirs

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Investigating the role of organic carbon amendments and microbial denitrification gene abundance in nitrogen removal from experimental agricultural drainage ditches with low‐grade weirs

Investigating the role of organic carbon amendments and microbial denitrification gene abundance in nitrogen removal from experimental agricultural drainage ditches with low‐grade weirs

A preliminary investigation of wild pig (Sus scrofa) impacts in water quality

Assessing water quality changes in agricultural drainages: Examples from oxbow lake tributaries in northwestern Mississippi, United States, and simulation-based power analyses

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