A field study of ovine listerial meningo-encephalitis with particular reference to cerebrospinal fluid analysis as an aid to diagnosis and prognosis

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukins-12(p40), 6, and 10 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and outcome prediction in Ossimi sheep with encephalitic listeriosis

“…This result is in agreement with that in previous reports [15,16,21]. Generally, clinical signs of listeriosis vary in severity depending upon the degree and precise location of the abscesses [22]. Our cases were selected as listerial meningoencephalitis based on case history and clinical findings and confirmed by identification of L. monocytogenes in CSF.…”

Epidemiological studies on Listeriosis in sheep

“…While in autumn months, which comes after summer months where as feeding on stumps of crops of wheat, barley, cotton and corn, which may be causing injurious to the oral cavity, which are predispose cause to ovine listeriosis, while in summer feeding of dry stored feed may facilitate the occurrence of listeriosis. These results are in agreement with that obtained by Scott, (1993); El-Sawalhy et al, (1999); Malik et al, (2002) ;Burgere, (2008).…”

“…3, 4) Cellular examination of CSF of diseased and control healthy sheep as shown in (Table 6), revealed significance (p<0.0004) elevation of total cell count, increase of polymorphic cells and monomorphic cells in encephalitic listeriosis in comparison to control sheep, which in turn suggests bacterial meningitis or suppurative none septic meningitis. This results in concern with that reported by (El-Sawalhy et al, 1999); Scott, 1993 and1995).Chemical examination of CSF revealed increase of total protein of diseased sheep (2.7±0.46 g/dl) in comparison to in contact healthy ones (1.84±0.27 g/dl). these results are in agreement with that reported by (Gronstol, 1979;El-Sawalhy et al, 1999;Scott, 2004), who measured total protein in CSF in diseased sheep as (2.25g/dl).The increased CSF proteins could be due to increased permeability of blood brain barrier or increased intrathecal globulin production or interruption of CSF flow and /or absorption.…”

“…The high percent of encephalitic listeriosis in winter season attributed to several risk factors including, climatic changes, overcrowding, feeding of stored food and fecal contamination of feed during winter. This explanation were supported by Scott, (1993), who mentioned that, encephalitic listeriosis can occur at any time of the year, but most frequently in winter season, predisposing factors in winter are likely to include housing of animals, which increase animal density and fecal contamination in the environment, feeding of stored feed and stress associated with adverse weather, in the UK. While in autumn months, which comes after summer months where as feeding on stumps of crops of wheat, barley, cotton and corn, which may be causing injurious to the oral cavity, which are predispose cause to ovine listeriosis, while in summer feeding of dry stored feed may facilitate the occurrence of listeriosis.…”

A Case Report of Sporadic Ovine Listerial Menigoencephalitis in Iowa with an Overview of Livestock and Human Cases

“…28,41 In the UK, meningoencephalitis caused by L. monocytogenes is the most common bacterial infection of the central nervous system of adult sheep. 35 Lambs as young as 5 weeks may develop the septicemic form, with older feedlot lambs (4-8 months) developing the encephalitic form. Ovine outbreaks (Ͼ5 cases) are predominantly of serotype 4b 18 ; sporadic isolated cases are mainly attributed to serotype 1/2.…”