A Filamentous Phage of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> O3:K6 Isolated in Laos

Nakasone, Noboru; Ikema, Masahide; Higa, Naomi; Yamashiro, Tetsu; Iwanaga, Masaaki

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1999.tb02420.x

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nakasone et al (15) have reported the presence of a filamentous phage (lvpf5) from a V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strain (LVP5) isolated in Laos. A comparison of the restriction maps of the RF and the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the major coat protein show that f237 is clearly different from lvpf5 (15). In that study the investigators isolated lvpf5 from only a single V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strain (LVP5), so it is still unclear whether lvpf5 is exclusively associated with V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Filamentous Phage Associated with Recent PandemicVibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strains

Nasu¹,

Iida²,

Sugahara³

et al. 2000

J. Clin. Microbiol.

101

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A specific serotype, O3:K6, of Vibrio parahaemolyticus has recently been causing epidemics of gastroenteritis in Southeast Asia, Japan, and North America. To examine whether the new O3:K6 strains possess characteristics that may exacerbate outbreaks, we compared V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains with non-O3:K6 strains using strains isolated from individuals with traveler's diarrhea at Kansai Airport Quarantine Station, Osaka, Japan. All 24 O3:K6 strains possessed a common plasmid, pO3K6 (DNA size, 8,782 bp, with 10 open reading frames [ORFs]). The gene organization of pO3K6 was similar to that of Vf33, a filamentous phage previously described in V. parahaemolyticus. We isolated a phage (phage f237) from the culture supernatant of V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strain KXV237, which formed a turbid plaque on an indicator strain. The genome of f237 was single-stranded DNA, and the double-stranded DNA obtained by treatment of the genome with DNA polymerase was identical to that of pO3K6 when analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis after HindIII digestion. Furthermore, the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the f237 major coat protein was found in ORF4 of pO3K6. Our results showed that pO3K6 is a replicative form of f237. Among the ORFs found in the f237 genome, the sequence of ORF8 had no significant homology to those of any proteins in databases. ORF8 was located on a region corresponding to the distinctive region of Vf33, and its G؉C content was apparently lower than that of the remaining DNA sequence of f237. By colony hybridization, ORF8 was detected only in O3:K6 strains isolated since 1996 and was not found in O3:K6 strains isolated before 1996 and clinical V. parahaemolyticus strains other than those of serotype O3:K6. Thus, this study shows that f237 is exclusively associated with recent V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains. The ORF8 gene can be a useful genetic marker for the identification of the recently widespread O3:K6 strains of V. parahaemolyticus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Filamentous Phage Associated with Recent PandemicVibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strains

Nasu¹,

Iida²,

Sugahara³

et al. 2000

J. Clin. Microbiol.

101

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“…One of these was VpV 262, the genome of which has been completely sequenced (Hardies et al ., 2003). In contrast, most described VpVs are myoviruses (Muramatsu and Matsumoto, 1991;Matsuzaki et al ., 1992;Kellogg et al ., 1995), although a number of siphoviruses (Hidaka and Tokushige, 1978;Koga et al ., 1982;Koga and Kawata, 1991) and a few filamentous inoviruses (Nakanishi et al ., 1966;Taniguchi et al ., 1984;Nakasone et al ., 1999;Nasu et al ., 2000;Chang et al ., 2002) have been reported. Even though most VpV strains were siphoviruses, there was considerable variability in dimensions and genome Viruses are listed alphabetically, followed by strains isolated from oysters (LHs; Comeau et al, 2005) which were further characterized in this study.…”

Section: Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Virus Morphologies and Genome Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of V. parahaemolyticus viruses (VpVs) have been isolated and characterized from the coastal waters of Japan, Laos, Hawaii, Florida, and the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North America (Nakanishi et al ., 1966; Sklarow et al ., 1973; Baross et al ., 1974; Kellogg et al ., 1995; Nakasone et al ., 1999; Hardies et al ., 2003; Seguritan et al ., 2003; Comeau et al ., 2005). All isolates, except a few filamentous phages ( Inoviridae family), belong to the three families of tailed phages, Myoviridae , Siphoviridae and Podoviridae (Ackermann et al ., 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic richness of vibriophages isolated in a coastal environment

Comeau

Chan²,

Suttle

2006

Environmental Microbiology

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The purpose of this study was to characterize Vibrio parahaemolyticus viruses (VpVs) isolated from different environments within and adjacent to the Strait of Georgia, and to examine the relative influences of distance and environment on host-range and genetic richness. Nearly all seawater enrichment cultures (29/31) generated isolates, implying that VpVs were widespread in the virioplankton, yet at low abundances (< 1 l(-1)). Viruses were not detected in sediments (n = 99). Fourteen of the 16 viruses characterized were siphoviruses, with genome sizes ranging from approximately 45-106 kb, and half were capable of infecting other Vibrio species. The VpVs infected bacteria isolated from oysters and sediments fairly well (55% and 46% of the host-virus combinations, respectively), but were unable to infect many of the bacteria isolated from the water column (< 13% of 112 combinations). When compared with VpVs from oysters, it was clear that the major determinant of phenotypic (host-range) and genetic richness (by the DP-RAPD assay) was not geography, but the source environment from which the VpVs originated. Therefore, the VpV population within the Strait of Georgia is a highly diverse mixture of phenotypes and genotypes.

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“…The integration of the filamentous phage CTX⌽ into the bacterial genome conveys pathogenicity to V. cholerae and to Vibrio mimicus (8). Filamentous phage f237, which is similar to the previously described phage VF33, has been identified in a pandemic O3:K6 V. parahaemolyticus strain (38,39). ORF8 in this phage is unique; no homologous sequence is present in the databases, and no biological function has hitherto been identified (39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a New Plasmid-Like Prophage in a Pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strain

Lan

Huang

Chang³

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common food-borne pathogen that is normally associated with seafood. In 1996, a pandemic O3:K6 strain abruptly appeared and caused the first pandemic of this pathogen to spread throughout many Asian countries, America, Europe, and Africa. The role of temperate bacteriophages in the evolution of this pathogen is of great interest. In this work, a new temperate phage, VP882, from a pandemic O3:K6 strain of V. parahaemolyticus was purified and characterized after mitomycin C induction. VP882 was a Myoviridae bacteriophage with a polyhedral head and a long rigid tail with a sheath-like structure. It infected and lysed high proportions of V. parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio cholerae strains. The genome of phage VP882 was sequenced and was 38,197 bp long, and 71 putative open reading frames were identified, of which 27 were putative functional phage or bacterial genes. VP882 had a linear plasmid-like genome with a putative protelomerase gene and cohesive ends. The genome does not integrate into the host chromosome but was maintained as a plasmid in the lysogen. Analysis of the reaction sites of the protelomerases in different plasmid-like phages revealed that VP882 and ⌽HAP-1 were highly similar, while N15, ⌽KO2, and PY54 made up another closely related group. The presence of DNA adenine methylase and quorum-sensing transcriptional regulators in VP882 may play a specific role in this phage or regulate physiological or virulence-associated traits of the hosts. These genes may also be remnants from the bacterial chromosome following transduction.Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common gram-negative foodborne enteropathogenic bacterium in Taiwan, Japan, and other Asian Pacific countries. The high incidence of this pathogen is undoubtedly the result of the frequent consumption of raw seafood in these countries. Clinical symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, headache, fever, and chills, and incubation periods range from 4 to 96 h (26). Most clinical isolates are hemolytic on Wagatsuma agar (Kanagawa phenomenon positive) and produce a thermostable direct hemolysin, which is one of the main virulence factors in this pathogen (51).Since 1996, gastroenteritis that is caused by particular O3:K6 strains (designated as pandemic O3:K6) of V. parahaemolyticus has been widespread in Southeast and East Asia (55), North America (27), South America (20), Europe (34), and Africa (3). It has been regarded as the first pandemic of this pathogen (43). These widespread pandemic O3:K6 strains have been found to be genetically closely related based on various molecular methods and appear to constitute a clone that differs markedly from the nonpandemic O3:K6 strains that were isolated before 1996 (4, 43, 55). The acquisition of the traits associated with these strains that account for the pandemic is of great concern.In pandemic Vibrio cholerae, virulence factors are encoded in the genome of an integrated filamentous phage, CTX⌽ (53). The integration of the filamentous phage CTX⌽...

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A Filamentous Phage of Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Isolated in Laos

Abstract: The activity of the phages was inhibited by anti-Na2 pili antibody.

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

A Filamentous Phage Associated with Recent PandemicVibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strains

A Filamentous Phage Associated with Recent PandemicVibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strains

Genetic richness of vibriophages isolated in a coastal environment

Characterization of a New Plasmid-Like Prophage in a Pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 Strain

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