A film boiling model for cryogenic chilldown at low mass flux inside a horizontal pipeline

Liao, Jun; Mei, Renwei; Klausner, James F.

doi:10.1007/s00231-006-0143-5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…This model assumes that the fluid flows in a quasi-steady, stratified manner. Liao et al [9] also used a quasi-steady, stratified flow model to simulate the temperature distribution along the pipe wall and proposed a formula for calculating the heat transfer in film boiling. Schepper et al [10] created a model simulating the boiling process of hydrocarbon materials using the Volume of Fluid model and Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation method to calculate and reconstruct the interface between two phases in each cell, thereby accounting for the mass and energy transfer in different horizontal two-phase flow states during boiling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Temperature Variation Law during the Nitrogen Pre-Cooling Process in LNG Unloading Pipelines

Yang,

Li,

Gao

et al. 2024

Energies

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In order to study the temperature change law of a nitrogen pre-cooling LNG unloading pipeline, a three-dimensional numerical simulation of an LNG pipeline with a bellow expansion bend was conducted using Fluent software (2020 R2). This simulation involved progressively controlling the nitrogen injection temperature and flow rate. The results show that increasing the nitrogen flow rate can improve the pre-cooling rate and reduce the top–bottom temperature difference of the pipeline, but there is an optimal value. Under the same nitrogen injection velocity conditions, it was found that smaller pipe diameters result in smaller temperature differences between the top and bottom of the pipeline. However, due to the reduced cooling capacity of the nitrogen injection, this leads to a decrease in the pre-cooling rate. The top–bottom temperature difference of the pipeline is mainly related to the strength of the natural convection in the pipeline. The stronger the natural convection, the greater the temperature difference between the top and bottom. Gr and Gr/Re2 reflect the relative magnitude of the natural convection intensity and forced convection intensity in the pipe. The larger the Gr and Gr/Re2, the stronger the natural convection. Therefore, Gr and Gr/Re2 are positively correlated with the top–bottom temperature difference, and the variation trend of the top–bottom temperature difference can be judged by the values of Gr and Gr/Re2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%