A finite element model using multi-layered shell element in laser forming

An investigation of energy loss mechanisms in water-jet assisted underwater laser cutting process using an analytical model

“…VI. The values of different thermo-physical properties of water (ρ w , C pw , K w , m w ) and solid material (ρ s , C ps , K s , m s ) are taken as the average of temperature dependent properties in the range from room temperature to boiling temperature and melting temperature, respectively [17][18][19]. VII.…”

Modification of bent angle of mechanically formed stainless steel sheets by laser forming

“…Chan et al (2000) also used such a high value of absorptivity for the bare sheet surface of the same material for numerical simulation of laser scan with Nd:YAG laser having 1.06 m wavelength, similar to Yb fibre laser having 1.07 m wavelength used in the current experiments. Nominal material properties at room temperature (27 • C) as reported by Cheng and Lin (2001) (thermal conductivity) and Hu et al (2012) (density and specific heat) were used in the calculation. The absorptivity A, thermal conductivity K, thermal diffusivity Ä and sheet thickness h are given in Table 1.…”

“…Temperature dependent values of thermal conductivity, Young's modulus and Poison's ratio as reported by Cheng and Lin (2001) were considered. Temperature dependant values of density, specific heat and coefficient of thermal expansion were obtained from Hu et al (2012).…”

Analysis and synthesis of laser forming process using neural networks and neuro-fuzzy inference system

“…Numerical models give better insight into the process through transient temperature, and stress-strain distribution. Several numerical models are also available in the literature (Vollertsen et al 1993;Hu et al 2001;Wu and Ji 2002;Zhang and Michaleris 2004;Zhang et al 2007;Griffiths et al 2010;Hu et al 2012) to predict bending angles in laser forming process using finite element method, but those models needed temperature dependent material properties and took long computation time particularly for the multiple laser irradiations. Moreover, determining the heating lines and heat conditions to achieve a desired (deformed) shape by laser forming, i.e., solving the inverse problem or carrying out process synthesis is less likely by either analytical or numerical method.…”