A fire modeling approach to assess wildfire exposure of valued resources in central Navarra, Spain

Alcasena, Fermín; Salis, Michele; Vega‐García, Cristina

doi:10.1007/s10342-015-0919-6

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Is the grid generated with FS and IP, and it was used to identify large fire initiation areas [31]. The FPI provides spatially explicit valuable information to target anthropic fire ignition prevention priority areas on fire-prone landscapes.…”

Section: Name (Abbreviation) Description and Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimated fire potential index (FPI) [31], and MTT major flow-paths to spatially analyze where large fires likely initiate and from which surrounding neighboring municipalities do these fires spread to reach the target residential houses. We calculated fire potential index (FPI) as:…”

Section: Large Fire Initiation and Incoming Major Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard fuel models [44,45] were assigned to 1/5000 scale land use land cover considering species composition, shrub cover and forest growth stage (idena.navarra.es and sigpac.navarra.es) (Figure 3). Canopy metrics (canopy height, canopy base height, canopy bulk density and canopy cover), were derived from low density LiDAR data (0.56 returns m 2 ; ign.es) using FUSION [31,46]. The surface fuel and canopy metric characterization and required raster grid generation were detailed in previous studies [47,48].…”

Section: Landscape File and Fire Weather Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fire potential index (FPI) and incoming major flow-paths from the surrounding municipalities. FPI was calculated by combining the fire size and ignition probability output grids, and was used to identify the areas where the ignition of a large fire is more likely [31].…”

Section: Large Fire Initiation and Major Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Assessing Wildland Fire Risk Transmission to Communities in Northern Spain

Alcasena

Salis

Ager

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:We assessed potential economic losses and transmission to residential houses from wildland fires in a rural area of central Navarra (Spain). Expected losses were quantified at the individual structure level (n = 306) in 14 rural communities by combining fire model predictions of burn probability and fire intensity with susceptibility functions derived from expert judgement. Fire exposure was estimated by simulating 50,000 fire events that replicated extreme (97th percentile) historical fire weather conditions. Spatial ignition probabilities were used in the simulations to account for non-random ignitions, and were estimated from a fire occurrence model generated with an artificial neural network. The results showed that ignition probability explained most of spatial variation in risk, with economic value of structures having only a minor effect. Average expected loss to residential houses from a single wildfire event in the study area was 7955€, and ranged from a low of 740 to the high of 28,725€. Major fire flow-paths were analyzed to understand fire transmission from surrounding municipalities and showed that incoming fires from the north exhibited strong pathways into the core of the study area, and fires spreading from the south had the highest likelihood of reaching target residential structures from the longest distances (>5 km). Community firesheds revealed the scale of risk to communities and extended well beyond administrative boundaries. The results provided a quantitative risk assessment that can be used by insurance companies and local landscape managers to prioritize and allocate investments to treat wildland fuels and identify clusters of high expected loss within communities. The methodological framework can be extended to other fire-prone southern European Union countries where communities are threatened by large wildland fires.

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Section: Name (Abbreviation) Description and Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large Fire Initiation and Incoming Major Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Landscape File and Fire Weather Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large Fire Initiation and Major Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessing Wildland Fire Risk Transmission to Communities in Northern Spain

Alcasena

Salis

Ager

et al. 2017

Forests

Self Cite

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“…It also is exacerbated by climate change [17]. Likewise, the ever-increasing focus on simulating potential wildfire risk to prioritize resources and suppression efforts in areas of potential catastrophic loss from wildfires are useful, but incomplete [7,18,19]. Such efforts often do not directly address what may be the most dynamic and variable facet influencing the wildfire problem-historic and ongoing human behaviours, including collective action among at-risk populations that could help significantly alleviate the suppression burden of public agencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using community archetypes to better understand differential community adaptation to wildfire risk

Carroll

Paveglio

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 24 to a discussion meeting issue 'The interaction of fire and mankind'. One of the immediate challenges of wildfire management concerns threats to human safety and property in residential areas adjacent to non-cultivated vegetation. One approach for relieving this problem is to increase human community 'adaptiveness' to deal with the risk and reality of fire in a variety of landscapes. The challenge in creating 'fire-adapted communities' (FACs) is the great diversity in character and make-up of populations at risk from wildfire. This paper outlines a recently developed categorization scheme for WildlandUrban Interface (WUI) communities based on a larger conceptual approach for understanding how social diversity is likely to influence the creation of FACs. The WUI categorization scheme situates four community archetypes on a continuum that recognizes dynamic change in human community functioning. We use results from the WUI classification scheme to outline key characteristics associated with each archetype and results from recent case studies to demonstrate the diversity across WUI communities. Differences among key characteristics of local social context will likely result in the need for different adaptation strategies to wildfire. While the WUI archetypes described here may not be broadly applicable to other parts of the world, we argue that the conceptual approach and strategies for systematically documenting local influences on wildfire adaptation have potential for broad application.This article is part of the themed issue 'The interaction of fire and mankind'.

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Spatiotemporal patterns of unburned areas within fire perimeters in the northwestern United States from 1984 to 2014

et al. 2018

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Abstract. A warming climate, fire exclusion, and land cover changes are altering the conditions that produced historical fire regimes and facilitating increased recent wildfire activity in the northwestern United States. Understanding the impacts of changing fire regimes on forest recruitment and succession, species distributions, carbon cycling, and ecosystem services is critical, but challenging across broad spatial scales. One important and understudied aspect of fire regimes is the unburned area within fire perimeters; these areas can function as fire refugia across the landscape during and after wildfire by providing habitat and seed sources. With increasing fire activity, there is speculation that fire intensity and combustion completeness are also increasing, which we hypothesized would yield smaller unburned proportions and changes in fire refugia patterns. We sought to determine (1) whether the unburned proportion of wildfires decreased across the northwestern United States from 1984 to 2014 and (2) whether patterns of unburned patches were significantly different across ecoregions, land cover type, and land ownership. We utilized a Landsat-derived geospatial database of unburned islands within 2298 fires across the inland northwestern USA (including eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and Idaho) from 1984 to 2014. We evaluated patterns of the total unburned proportion and spatial patterns of unburned patches of the fires across different ecoregions, land cover types, and land ownership. We found that unburned area proportion exhibited no change over the three decades, suggesting that recent trends in area burned and overall severity have not affected fire refugia, important to post-fire ecosystem recovery. There were ecoregional differences in mean unburned proportion, patch area, and patch density, suggesting influences of vegetation and topography on the formation of unburned area. These foundation findings suggest that complex drivers control unburned island formation, and yield insights to locate potential important fire refugia across the inland northwest.

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A fire modeling approach to assess wildfire exposure of valued resources in central Navarra, Spain

Cited by 48 publications

References 69 publications

Assessing Wildland Fire Risk Transmission to Communities in Northern Spain

Assessing Wildland Fire Risk Transmission to Communities in Northern Spain

Using community archetypes to better understand differential community adaptation to wildfire risk

Spatiotemporal patterns of unburned areas within fire perimeters in the northwestern United States from 1984 to 2014

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