The
search for suitable two-dimensional (2D) anode materials is
crucial to drive the progress of multivalent metal-ion batteries capable
of delivering exceptional performance, specifically with very fast
charging and discharging rates. In this research, we have unveiled
novel insights at the density functional theory level, with the workability
of 2D puckered silicon monosulfide (α-SiS) as a probable anode
material for multivalent metal-ion batteries using Na, Ca, and Al
ions. Exploring the stability aspects of both structural and dynamic
levels in the α-SiS nanosheet was estimated through the calculation
of cohesive energy and non-imaginary phonon frequencies. The α-SiS
nanosheet exhibited negative adsorption energies of −1.45,
−0.92, and −2.67 eV for Na, Ca, and Al ions, respectively.
Additionally, it was observed that the introduction of mono-, di-,
and tri-metal atoms to the surface of the α-SiS nanosheet transformed
its semiconducting nature into a metallic phase. Minimal activation
energies for the active ion migration of Na (0.066 eV), Ca (0.067
eV), and Al (0.18 eV) on the surface of the α-SiS nanosheet
suggest high diffusion and optimal charge/discharge functionality.
Furthermore, diminished mean operating voltages of 0.44 V (Na), 0.43
V (Ca), and 0.55 V (Al) were attained and improved the theoretical
storage performance of 2046.81 mAh/g (Na), 1643.02 mAh/g (Ca), and
2422.76 mAh/g (Al) for the α-SiS nanosheet. The results of this
work suggest that the α-SiS nanosheet has the potential to play
a crucial role as a hopeful anode material for the creation of budget-friendly,
high-functioning metal-ion batteries using Na, Ca, and Al ions.