A five-phase approach, SPH framework and applications for predictions of seepage-induced internal erosion and failure in unsaturated/saturated porous media

Ma, Guodong; Bui, Ha H.; Lian, Yanjian; Tran, Khoa M.; Nguyen, Giang D.

doi:10.1016/j.cma.2022.115614

Cited by 31 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, based on current numerical approaches, only advanced numerical methods such as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) or the Discrete Element Method (DEM) incorporated with other approaches such as CFD are able to model SEDP; however, it should be noted that due to the type of hydraulic loading application in SEDP and unsaturated ambient, no numerical simulation can be found in the literature to simulate real-life SEDP and they need to be developed. It should be pointed out that in a very recent study by Ma et al [92], seepage-induced internal soil erosion in an embankment was modeled in five phases, including air, water, fluidized particles, erodible particles, and the soil skeleton using the SPH approach. In their model, hydraulic loading application was transient.…”

Section: Numerical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Erosion Due to Defective Pipes: A Hidden Hazard Beneath Our Feet

2023

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Sinkholes are a significant underground hazard that threatens infrastructure and lives and sometimes results in fatalities. The annual cost of sinkhole damages exceeds $300 million, although this estimate is likely underestimated due to the need for national tracking. Sinkholes can also alter natural drainage patterns, leading to increased flood risk. While natural sinkholes occur, those in urban areas are predominantly manmade, caused by soil erosion from defective pipes, typically due to aging. Climate change, storm surges, and urbanization have accelerated subsidence in urban environments, posing greater risks to critical infrastructure and densely populated areas. Extensive research has focused on soil erosion in dams; however, this knowledge does not necessarily apply to erosion through orifices, where gravity and other factors play significant roles. This paper presents a critical literature review on internal soil erosion due to defective pipes (SEDP). The review highlights that hydraulic loading, backfill type, and pipe conditions (defect shape, size, and depth) influence SEDP. Key findings from experiments and numerical studies are summarized, while mechanisms and knowledge gaps are identified. However, it is concluded that the current understanding in this field remains limited, underscoring the urgent need for further experimental and numerical research to expand the knowledge base on SEDP.

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Section: Numerical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Erosion Due to Defective Pipes: A Hidden Hazard Beneath Our Feet

2023

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“…In previous studies, several contributions have been made to present good predictions on the behaviors of cohesive soil. 10,70,72 Here, only PST approach is focused on.…”

Section: Failure Of Cohesive Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicates that the original SPH suffers from tensile instability and low stress accuracy in the plastic region; thus, enhancements are required. In previous studies, several contributions have been made to present good predictions on the behaviors of cohesive soil 10,70,72 . Here, only PST approach is focused on.…”

Section: Numerical Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…| | | | | | | | | | (30)Similar to the original Shepard filter, the modified Shepard filter is also employed every few steps 34. It should be noted that there are various possibilities to prevent the tensile instability and noisy stress, for example, stress-particle SPH method,70 or different stress regularization techniques 71,72. In this paper, only the prediction of SPH scheme with PST is focused on.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Regularized SPH model for soil–structure interaction with generalized frictional boundary

Wang¹,

Wu²,

Peng

2023

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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This paper proposes a regularized smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme to solve the problems of tensile instability and stress noise in largedeformation soil-structure interaction. Particle shifting and stress regularization are combined to maintain uniform stresses and particle distributions. A generalized frictional boundary condition is presented to model soil-structure interfaces with abitrary friction coefficients. A modified particle shifting technique is developed to regularize particles near the frictional boundaries. Furthermore, GPU acceleration algorithm is adopted to improve the efficiency. The proposed scheme is compared with the conventional SPH methods using numerical examples, including the collapse of three-dimensional granular column, the collapse of the cohesive soil, and pipe penetrates into soft clay. The comparison indicates that the proposed regularized SPH model can give highly accurate results for large-deformation soil-structure interaction problems with arbitrary friction coefficient.

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“…By employing this approach, it became possible to capture the particle size distribution features for particles of any size during the internal erosion process. Ma [14] derived a set of coupled governing equations for five phases (soil skeleton, erodible fine particles, fluidized particles, water, and air) in porous media based on the continuum mixture theory. The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method was employed to describe the influence of porous media saturation and erosion on the shear strength of the porous media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Rainfall-Induced Erosion on Infiltration and Slope Stability

Cheng,

Hou,

Sun

et al. 2024

Water

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In slopes where a mixture of coarse and fine particles is present, the infiltration of rainfall can cause the migration of fine particles. This migration alters the hydraulic properties of the soil and has implications for slope stability. In this study, the slope under investigation is a tailings dam composed of loosely consolidated soil with a wide particle size distribution. Due to rainfall infiltration, fine particles tend to migrate within the voids of the coarse particle framework, leading to changes in hydraulic properties and inducing slope instability. The classical internal erosion constitutive model, known as the Cividini and Gioda erosion criterion, is commonly used to predict the behavior and effects of fine particle erosion in geotechnical engineering. However, certain parameters in this erosion criterion equation, such as long-term density, are challenging to obtain through experiments. To investigate the coupled evolution of seepage and erosion within landfill slopes under the influence of rainfall infiltration and to understand the mechanisms of slope instability, this research assumes the erosion of fine particle suspension and adopts the Worman and Olafsdottir erosion criterion to establish a coupled model of unsaturated seepage and internal erosion. The developed model simulates the coupled response of seepage and erosion in unsaturated landfill slopes under three different rainfall intensities. It is then combined with the infinite slope model to quantitatively analyze the impact of fine particle migration on soil permeability and slope stability. The numerical simulations provide the following findings: The Worman and Olafsdottir erosion criterion, unlike the Cividini and Gioda erosion criterion, only requires the determination of the soil’s gradation curve to estimate the erosion rate. Internal erosion primarily occurs within the leading edge of moisture penetration, accelerating the advancement of the wetting front and reducing slope stability. When the rainfall intensity is lower than the saturated permeability coefficient, the influence of internal erosion can be disregarded. However, under rainfall intensities equal to or greater than the saturated permeability coefficient, considering internal erosion results in a difference in the depth of the wetting front of up to 34.2 cm after 6 h in the R2 scenario. The safety factor without considering internal erosion is 1.12, whereas considering internal erosion yields safety factors between 1.08 and 1.09. In the R3 scenario, the difference in the depth of the wetting front reaches 53.8 cm after 6 h, with a safety factor of 1.12 without considering internal erosion and safety factors between 1.06 and 1.07 when considering internal erosion.

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A five-phase approach, SPH framework and applications for predictions of seepage-induced internal erosion and failure in unsaturated/saturated porous media

Cited by 31 publications

References 94 publications

Soil Erosion Due to Defective Pipes: A Hidden Hazard Beneath Our Feet

Soil Erosion Due to Defective Pipes: A Hidden Hazard Beneath Our Feet

Regularized SPH model for soil–structure interaction with generalized frictional boundary

Numerical Simulation of Rainfall-Induced Erosion on Infiltration and Slope Stability

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