A flame-retardant phosphate and cyclotriphosphazene-containing epoxy resin: Synthesis and properties

Studies of polycyanurates based on phenoxy-substituted cyclic phosphazenes: Synthesis of the monomer and a preliminary study of its thermal properties in binary blends

“…Dynamic DSC data for dicyanate monomer (4) as a function of heating rate. 13 The relatively low cure onset temperature is in broad agreement with the figure reported for a similar compound by Nair et al [15]. The shape of the peak is quite even and appears almost Gaussian and a polymerization enthalpy of H = -96 J g -1 of monomer or -37 kJ mol -1 of cyanate groups was recorded.…”

Synthesis and characterization of a novel silicon-containing epoxy resin

“…7 For example, the introduction of sulfone group into the main chain leads to an increases of flexibility of the epoxy resins. 8 Incorporation of phosphorus and silicon into the backbone of the epoxy leads to an increase of flame-retardant properties. 9,10 The silicon groups in the epoxy matrix can act as a toughening agent in the epoxy networks and improve impact strength.…”

Synthesis of Resorcinol-Based Phosphazene-Containing Epoxy Oligomers

“…Epoxy resins modified with epoxyphosphazene are characterized by low flammability, increased heat resistance and char yield, hydrophobicity, and non-toxicity of combustion products [25,26,27,28,29,30,31], enhanced mechanical characteristics and dielectric properties at the level of basic epoxy resins [32]. …”

“…Currently, there are 2 main synthetic approaches that allow obtaining functional phosphazenes capable of forming covalent bonds with epoxy matrices: synthesis of organophosphazenes with reactive epoxy groups [25,26,27,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55] for addition to the epoxy component, and synthesis of organophosphazenes with reactive amine [56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64] groups for use as a hardener. However, at present, most of the processes of synthesis of functional epoxyphosphazenes described in the literature are primarily of scientific interest because of the complexity of their scaling and the large number of intermediate stages [25,33,34,35,36,37,41,42,43,45,46,47,48,50,51,52,53,54,55].…”