A Flexible Delegation-Type Interface Enhances System Performance in Human Supervision of Multiple Robots: Empirical Studies With RoboFlag

Parasuraman, Raja; Galster, Scott M.; Squire, Peter; Furukawa, Hiroshi; Miller, Christopher A.

doi:10.1109/tsmca.2005.850598

Cited by 120 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…One common method used to deal with failures in robot autonomy is adjustable autonomy (Sellner, Simmons, & Singh, 2005;Brookshire, Singh, & Simmons, 2004;Miller, Funk, Goldman, Meisner, & Wu, 2005;Parasuraman, Galster, Squires, Furukawa, & Miller, 2005). Adjustable autonomy refers to the process of switching (at the discretion of either the user or the robot) to a different level of automation depending on the current circumstances.…”

Section: Adjustable Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Telepresence in Human-Robot Interactions

Harutyunyan¹,

Manohar²,

Gezehei³

et al. 2013

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

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Remote teleoperation of advanced, semi-autonomous robotic technologies has great potential in many industries critical to the economy and for the environment of the Middle East. Applications include maintenance of under-water oil wells, maintenance of nuclear power plants, counter-terrorism and national defense, law enforcement, remote sensing, and health care. In each of these applications, a user, likely without technology expertise, must operate a complex robot in uncertain and unknown environments. The nature of the tasks and environments encountered by the robot in these applications make it highly likely that the robot's limited autonomy will fail or be insufficient to complete the desired task. In this paper, we argue that, in such scenarios, cognitive telepresence, defined as the ability of the user to comprehend and control the robot's cognition, is an important design principle for human-robot systems. We compare and contrast cognitive telepresence to existing design principles commonly discussed in the literature, and define various metrics of cognitive telepresence. Finally, via two illustrative examples and a user study, we demonstrate the usefulness of cognitive telepresence as an important design principle of human-robot systems consisting of a user with limited technology expertise and a robot with limited and error-prone artificial intelligence.

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Section: Adjustable Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Telepresence in Human-Robot Interactions

Harutyunyan¹,

Manohar²,

Gezehei³

et al. 2013

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

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show abstract

“…This list includes (a) the conventional one-to-one relationship between human and robot, (b) teams of coordinating robots, such as arise in swarm robotics [16], [17] and "playbook-style" supervisory control [18], and (c) teams of coordinating humans managing one or more robots, such as those that have proven useful in search and rescue [6]. Yanco and Drury [15] intentionally left out the condition in which multiple operators controlled multiple robots without explicit coordination on either side since they felt that some explicit coordination was required, but "call center" metaphors have been proposed for MOSC with minimal coordination [19], [20].…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond robot fan-out: Towards multi-operator supervisory control

Whetten

Goodrich

Guo

2010

2010 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

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Abstract-This paper explores multi-operator supervisory control (MOSC) of multiple independent robots using two complementary approaches: a human factors experiment and an agent-based simulation. The experiment identifies two task and environment limitations on MOSC: task saturation and task diffusion. It also identifies the correlation between task specialization and performance, and the possible existence of untapped spare capacity that emerges when multiple operators coordinate. The presence of untapped spare capacity is explored using agent-based simulation, resulting in evidence which suggests that operators may be more effective when they operate at less than maximum capacity.

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“…This has aimed to enable operators intuitive to understand the state of the functions and relationships between the functions. Functions were selected because results from the previous studies (Parasuraman et al, 2005) indicated that it was difficult to comprehend the states of the functions during plays. • Defensive sectors: Cooperation between defensive robots is a type of defensive function realized by a team of robots.…”

Section: Implementation Of Functional Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptable User Interface Based on the Ecological Interface Design Concept for Multiple Robots Operating Works with Uncertainty

Furukawa¹

2010

Journal of Computer Science

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Problem statement: When supervising a team of semi-autonomous robots, the operator's task is not only the manipulation of each robot but also achievement of the top goal that is assigned to the entire team of humans and robots. The operators are demanded to comprehend highly complex states and make appropriate decisions in dynamic environment using the limited cognitive resources. The Ecological Interface Design (EID) is a design approach based on visualization of constraints in study environment onto the interface to reduce the cognitive workload. Our research question was "How should we design Human-Robot Interface (HRI) that allows operators to understand states of multiple robots systems working in environment with uncertainty?" Approach: Our proposed method was Adaptable User Interface (AUI) with EID. The interface is a framework that allowed the operators to take selectable use of displays indicating different types of functional information. Two types of expressions of functions were defined for indicating states of functions: indication of functional disposition and of effectiveness. Three cognitive experiments were conducted to reveal potential efficacy of the method using an experimental test-bed simulation. Results: The results of the first and second experiments showed that usefulness of functional indications is different from different works, tasks and operators. The third experiment demonstrated that operators could select and use appropriate information among a set of indicators with different types and levels of functional information, which are adaptive for tasks, their strategies, their skills and available information and knowledge about the tasks. Conclusion: From the remarks, it can be concluded that the proposed method (AUI+EID) is a useful and feasible HRI method for multiple robot operations, even knowledge about the work is not sufficient to build a set of dedicated indicators each has only necessary information for a situation.

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A Flexible Delegation-Type Interface Enhances System Performance in Human Supervision of Multiple Robots: Empirical Studies With RoboFlag

Cited by 120 publications

References 19 publications

Cognitive Telepresence in Human-Robot Interactions

Cognitive Telepresence in Human-Robot Interactions

Beyond robot fan-out: Towards multi-operator supervisory control

Adaptable User Interface Based on the Ecological Interface Design Concept for Multiple Robots Operating Works with Uncertainty

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