A flexible multimodal tactile display array for virtual shape and texture

Son, Choonghyun; Ko, Kyungmin; Lee, Hyunjoo Jenny; Na, Kyungwhan; Ji-Seok, Han; Yun, Kwang-Seok; Yoon, Eui-Sung; Kim, Euntai; Cho, Il‐Joo

doi:10.1007/s00542-015-2634-0

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are many examples of haptic devices using soft lithography and molding techniques . For example, Son et al demonstrated a flexible tactile display based on molding technique using PDMS . They formed a number of pneumatic microchannels in a PDMS layer.…”

Section: Fabrication Methods For Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Biswas

Visell

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

118

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The sense of touch is involved in nearly all human activities, but information technologies for displaying tactile sensory information to the skin are rudimentary when compared to state‐of‐the‐art video and audio displays, or to tactile perceptual capabilities. Realizing tactile displays with good perceptual fidelity will require major advances in engineering, design, and fabrication. Research over several decades has highlighted the difficulties of meeting the required performance benchmarks using conventional devices, processes, and techniques. This has highlighted the important role that will be played by new material technologies that can bridge the electronic and mechanical domains. This must occur at the smallest scales, because of the great perceptual spatial and temporal acuity of the sense of touch. The requirements involved also furnish valuable performance benchmarks against which many emerging material technologies are being evaluated. This article highlights recent research and possibilities enabled through new material technologies, ranging from organic electronic materials, to carbon nanomaterials, and a variety of composites. Emerging material technologies are surveyed for the sense of touch, including sensory considerations and requirements, materials, actuation principles, and design and fabrication methods. A conclusion reflects on the main open challenges and future prospects for research in this area.

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Section: Fabrication Methods For Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another example, Son et al developed a multimodal flexible tactile display for teleoperation applications . A combination of pneumatic and electromagnetic forces was used to actuate the display.…”

Section: Tactile Displays Based On Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Biswas

Visell

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

118

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“…[ 190 ] Emerging materials include soft materials (e.g., gel, [ 191 ] liquid and rubber [ 192 ] ), organic materials, [ 193 ] and nanomaterials (e.g., graphene [ 194 ] and CNTs [ 195 ] ), and composites. [ 196 ] Based on the working principles, soft actuators can be classified into pneumatic actuators, [ 197 ] electroactive polymer actuators, [ 198 ] electrostatic force actuators, [ 199 ] electromagnetic actuators, [ 200 ] fluidic actuators, [ 201 ] and liquid crystal elastomeric actuators. [ 202 ]…”

Section: Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Electronics: Next‐Generation Device Platform for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Kim

Wang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

127

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Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are overcoming the physical limits of real‐life using advances in devices and software. In particular, the recent restrictions in transportation from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic are making people more interested in these virtual experiences. However, to minimize the differences between artificial and natural perception, more human‐interactive and human‐like devices are necessary. The skin is the largest organ of the human body and interacts with the environment as the site of interfacing and sensing. Recent progress in skin electronics has enabled the use of the skin as the mounting object of functional devices and the signal pathway bridging humans and computers, with opening its potential in future VR and AR applications. In this review, the current skin electronics are summarized as one of the most promising device solutions for future VR/AR devices, especially focusing on the recent materials and structures. After defining and explaining VR/AR systems and the components, the advantages of skin electronics for VR/AR applications are emphasized. Next, the detailed functionalities of skin electronic devices, including the input, output, energy devices, and integrated systems, are reviewed for future VR/AR applications.

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“…Moreover, the advantages of FPCB, such as strong heat resistance, rust resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance, are directly inherited by our actuator. FPCBs are widely being utilized to interface with microactuators and circuits [18][19][20][21][22][23]. It has also been demonstrated that FPCB is able to generate motion when combined with external electrodes [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible printed circuit board actuators

Lee

Cha

2017

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Out-of-plane actuators are made possible by the breaking of planar symmetry. In this paper, we present a thin-film out-of-plane electrostatic actuator for a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) that can be fabricated with a single step of the conventional manufacturing process. No other components are required for actuation except a single sheet of the FPCB, and it works based on the planar asymmetry resulting from asymmetrically patterned top and bottom electrodes on each side of the polyimide film. With the structural asymmetry, the application of a high voltage in the order of kilovolts results in the asymmetry of the electric fields and the body force density, which generates the bending moment that leads to macroscopic deformations. We applied the finite element method to examine the asymmetry induced by the difference in the electrodes. In the experiment, the displacement responses to step input and square wave input of various frequencies were analyzed. It was found that our actuator constitutes an underdamped system, exhibiting resonance characteristics. The maximum oscillatory amplitude was determined at resonance, and the relationship between the displacement and the applied voltage was investigated.

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A flexible multimodal tactile display array for virtual shape and texture

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Skin Electronics: Next‐Generation Device Platform for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Flexible printed circuit board actuators

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