A fluidic diode, valves, and a sequential-loading circuit fabricated on layered paper

Chen, Hong; Cogswell, Jeremy; Anagnostopoulos, C.; Faghri, Mohammad

doi:10.1039/c2lc20970e

Cited by 134 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Removal of these droplets yields an F-68-coated capillary network with exposed PEO moieties, which increases the wettability of the channels and drives the unidirectional wicking of water into the PHM shell (Fig. 4) (27). At short time intervals (i.e., within minutes of rehydration), wicking produces menisci within the capillary channels, which, in turn, produces a gas-water interface (Fig.…”

Section: Phase Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen delivery using engineered microparticles

Seekell

Lock

Peng

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A continuous supply of oxygen to tissues is vital to life and interruptions in its delivery are poorly tolerated. The treatment of low-blood oxygen tensions requires restoration of functional airways and lungs. Unfortunately, severe oxygen deprivation carries a high mortality rate and can make otherwise-survivable illnesses unsurvivable. Thus, an effective and rapid treatment for hypoxemia would be revolutionary. The i.v. injection of oxygen bubbles has recently emerged as a potential strategy to rapidly raise arterial oxygen tensions. In this report, we describe the fabrication of a polymerbased intravascular oxygen delivery agent. Polymer hollow microparticles (PHMs) are thin-walled, hollow polymer microcapsules with tunable nanoporous shells. We show that PHMs are easily charged with oxygen gas and that they release their oxygen payload only when exposed to desaturated blood. We demonstrate that oxygen release from PHMs is diffusion-controlled, that they deliver approximately five times more oxygen gas than human red blood cells (per gram), and that they are safe and effective when injected in vivo. Finally, we show that PHMs can be stored at room temperature under dry ambient conditions for at least 2 mo without any effect on particle size distribution or gas carrying capacity.hypoxemia | microparticle | oxygen | core-shell | colloids

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Section: Phase Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen delivery using engineered microparticles

Seekell

Lock

Peng

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…For example, paperbased device's channel widths and fluid path lengths were configured to program delivery sequence; 7,8 multiple pads were arranged in specific orientation; 6,9,10 electromagnet and fluidic diodes were used for timed valving; 11,12 paper channel was sandwiched between two films to increase the velocity in the channel; 13 and dissolvable barriers were applied for fluidic delays. 14,15 However, increasing the width or fluidic path length to decrease flow velocity can result in increased sample consumption and may not be appropriate when dealing with small volume samples such as blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed sample delivery on a pressurized paper

et al. 2014

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This paper reports a method to control the fluid flow in paper-based microfluidic devices simply by pressing over the channel surface of paper, thereby decreasing the pore size and permeability of a non-woven polypropylene sheet. As a result, fluid resistance is increased in the pressed region and causes flow rate to decrease. We characterize the decrease of flow rate with respect to different amounts of pressure applied, and up to 740% decrease in flow velocity was achieved. In addition, we demonstrate flow rate control in a Y-shaped merging paper and sequential delivery of multiple color dyes in a three-branched paper. Furthermore, sequential delivery of multiple fluid samples is performed to demonstrate its application in multi-step colorimetric immunoassay, which shows a 4.3-fold signal increase via enhancement step. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…We next determine the electrophoretic force acting on the droplet at different positions between the two adjacent electrodes assuming that the total droplet surface charge is equal to that obtained in eqn (6): Q = Q eq . As the droplet moves, the electric field distribution is modified (E′).…”

Section: Modelling Of Induced Droplet Charge and Electrophoretic Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One option is paper-based microfluidic devices, which have emerged as a simple and low-cost microfluidic paradigm that eliminates the need for external pumps. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Recent studies further proposed schemes to improve the fluid handling accuracy of paper-based microfluidic devices. 8,9 Other "passive" pumping mechanisms for microfluidic devices include "degas driven flows", 10,11 capillary pumps, 12,13 finger-powered hydrodynamic flows 14 and punch-card based programmable microfluidic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finger-powered electrophoretic transport of discrete droplets for portable digital microfluidics

Cheng

Wang

2016

Lab Chip

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We report a finger-powered digital microfluidic device based on the electrophoretic transport of discrete droplets (EPD). An array of piezoelectric elements is connected in parallel to metal electrodes immersed in dielectric fluids. When deflected in a controlled sequence via human finger power, the piezoelectric elements charge and actuate droplets across each electrode pair through electrophoretic force. Successful droplet transportation requires the piezoelectric elements to provide both sufficient charge and voltage pulse duration. We quantify these requirements using numerical models to predict the electrical charges induced on the droplets and the corresponding electrophoretic forces. The models are experimentally validated by comparing the predicted and measured droplet translational velocities. We successfully demonstrated transport and merging of aqueous droplets over a range of droplet radii (0.6-0.9 mm). We further showed direct manipulation of body fluids, including droplets of saliva and urine, using our finger-powered EPD device. To facilitate practical implementation of multistep assays based on the approach, a hand/finger-rotated drum system with a programmable pattern of protrusions is designed to induce deflections of multiple piezoelectric elements and demonstrate programmable fluidic functions. An electrode-topiezoelectric element connection scheme to minimize the number of piezoelectric elements necessary for a sequence of microfluidic functions is also explored. The present work establishes an engineering foundation to enable design and implementation of finger-powered portable EPD microfluidic devices.

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A fluidic diode, valves, and a sequential-loading circuit fabricated on layered paper

Cited by 134 publications

References 26 publications

Oxygen delivery using engineered microparticles

Oxygen delivery using engineered microparticles

Programmed sample delivery on a pressurized paper

Finger-powered electrophoretic transport of discrete droplets for portable digital microfluidics

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