A fluorescent calix[4]arene with naphthalene units at the upper rim exhibits long fluorescence emission lifetime without fluorescence quenching

Abstract

Macrocyclic structure brings long fluorescence lifetime emission without fluorescence quenching and TD-DFT calculations revealed π–π interactions between the naphthalene rings.

Fluorescent cyclophanes and their applications

“…58 They are usually prepared by covalent conjugation of fluorophores (Fig. 8a–i) such as anthracenes, 59 pyrenes, 60 BODIPYs, 61 phenanthridines, 62 coumarins, 63 anthraquinones, 64 dansyls, 65 naphthalenes, 66 fluoresceins, 67 naphthalimides, 68 perylene diimides 69 (PDI), or porphyrins, 70 as side chains ( 21–29 ). Among calix[ n ]arenes, the calix[4]arene scaffold has been widely investigated as a result of its facile synthesis and ease of derivatization compared to calix[6]- and calix[8]arenes.…”

Fluorescence Detecting of Paraquat and Diquat Using Host–Guest Chemistry with a Fluorophore-Pendant Calix[6]arene

“…Naphthalene and anthracene are indeed the most widely used fluorogenic units in the synthesis of fluorescent calixarene host [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. It was demonstrated that simple ca-lixarenes can be efficient wheels toward dialkylammonium axles by exploiting the inducing effect of the weakly coordinating tetrakis[3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (TFPB-) [ 29 ].…”