A Fluorescent Sensor Array for Saccharides Based on Boronic Acid Appended Bipyridinium Salts

Abstract

That's discrimination! An array of boronic acid appended bipyridinium salts (BBVs) as receptor units is able to distinguish twelve saccharides in aqueous solution and at neutral pH values by a fluorescent‐indicator displacement assay. The picture shows the fluorescence increase of a fluorescent dye with BBV receptors after adding saccharides (D‐ribose (Rib), D‐glucose (Glc), D‐fructose (Fru), melibiose (Mel), and lactulose (Lal)).

Enhanced detection of saccharide using redox capacitor as an electrochemical indicator via a redox-cycling and its molecular logic behavior

“…A typical kind of fluorescent saccharide sensing system which is similar to an IDA has been achieved based on the formation of a ground-state complex between fluorophores such as fluorescent dye [26] or graphene quantum dots [27], and boronic acid appended bipyridinium salts. Based on this result, further design for implementation in sensor array [28] and molecular logic gate [29,30] has been reported.…”

Array‐Based Sensors

“…It was used in a variety of settings and media including solutions, vapors, or solid-liquid interfaces such as in molecularly imprinted polymers [94]. The analytes classified range from small ions and molecules, saccharides [76,95], amines [96,97], explosives [98,99], peptides to evaluate peptide phosphorylation [100], and many others. In the arena of biorecognition, LDA was used with enormous success.…”

Covalent Interactions in Chemosensor Design

“…Several recent reviews and research papers comprehensively summarize the use of boronic acids in sensor designs for carbohydrates [9,[14][15][16]66], fluoride [47][48][49][50][51], and cyanides [45,46], and have in-depth discussions of factors [15,19,67] that should be considered in designing such sensors. In addition, there have also been quite a few reviews [8,15,66] and research papers [54,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] on boronic acids that change their fluorescent properties upon binding to a nucleophilic analyte or pH changes. Obviously, it would not be possible to describe all these findings here; therefore, readers are referred to the above-referenced papers for details.…”