A formal methodology for acquiring and representing expert knowledge

Cooke, Nancy; McDonald, James E.

doi:10.1109/proc.1986.13643

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this study, the approach of Morgan et al (2002) was combined with a 3-D participatory model during the semi-structured interview stage. The use of a 3-D participatory component, whereby participants either use or create a 3-D model in the elicitation process, reflects the recognition that often participants in an interview may have difficulty expressing their thoughts verbally (Cooke and McDonald, 1986;Ongena and Dijkstra, 2007).…”

Section: Applying the Mental Models Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

Gibson

Stewart

Pahl

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Communicating information about geological and hydrological hazards relies on appropriately worded communications targeted at the needs of the audience. But what are these needs, and how does the geoscientist discern them? This paper adopts a psychological "mental models" approach to assess the public perception of the geological subsurface, presenting the results of attitudinal studies and surveys in three communities in the south-west of England. The findings reveal important preconceptions and misconceptions regarding the impact of hydrological systems and hazards on the geological subsurface, notably in terms of the persistent conceptualisation of underground rivers and the inferred relations between flooding and human activity. The study demonstrates how such mental models can provide geoscientists with empirical, detailed and generalised data of perceptions surrounding an issue, as well reveal unexpected outliers in perception that they may not have considered relevant, but which nevertheless may locally influence communication. Using this approach, geoscientists can develop information messages that more directly engage local concerns and create open engagement pathways based on dialogue, which in turn allow both geoscience "experts" and local "non-experts" to come together and understand each other more effectively.

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Section: Applying the Mental Models Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

Gibson

Stewart

Pahl

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The u:o of protocol analysis in these domains is reasonable because the thought processes may be verbalized quite naturally. In other domains, in which the learning process is less verbal (such as playing golf), protocol analysis is much less effective fCooke and McDonald, 1986). This technique.…”

Section: Protocol Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Cooke and McDonald's (1986) study of concept elicitation in the domain of automobile driving, they found that the concept list obtained was far from a homogenous sample of terms. Instead, they obtained a variety of phrases and words at different levels of abstraction and detail.…”

Section: Concept Elicitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward a Model of Knowledge Structure and a Comparative Analysis of Knowledge Structure Measurement Techniques

Koubek¹,

Mountjoy²

1991

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Puofic reporting ourden for this collection of information s estimated to average 1 hour per res nse. inciucing the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources. This research attempts to develop and validate a proposed model of human knowledge representation.Based on an extensive literature review, a battery of available knowledge representation measurement techniques was selected to detect the represenation differences between two experience level groups in the domain of clerical work. The techniques employed were card sorting, hierarchical clustering analysis, repertory grid, multidimensional scaling, Pathfinder, and pairwise similarity ratings.Results validate the existence of all model dimensions. Two dimensions were determined to be affected by experience level.Post-hoc analysis revealed that an additional dimension, Representation Complexity, is a function of experience level differences, and should therefore be included in future model development. Furthermore, the capabilities of the various measurement techniques differed. Specifically, hierarchical clustering analysis was the most effective technique for detecting differences in representations between experience level groups. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298The Report Documentation. Page (RDP) is used in announcing and cataloging reports. It is important that this information be consistent with the rest of the report, particularly the cover and title page. Instructions for fi!ling in each block of the form follow. It is important to stay within the lines to meet optical scanning requirements. ABSTRACTThis research attempts to validate a proposed modei of human knowledge structure. An operational definition of knowledge structure was derived which formed the basis for the construction of the proposed model. Until this time, understanding of knowledge structure has been influenced by the output of the various knowledge structure measurement techniques and their associated assumptions.A battery of available knowledge structure measurement techniques was used in order to detect the structure differences between two experience level groups in the domain of clerical work. The tzzhnX-,,,,. s ,.rd borting, hierarcnicai clustering analysis, repertory grid, multidimensional scaling, Pathfinder, and pairwise similarity ratings. Subjects were required to perform the standard tasks associated with the use of each measurement technique.Results validate the existence of all model dimensions. Two dimensions were determined to be affected by experience level. Post-hoc analysis revealed that an additional dimension, Structure Complexity, is a function of experience level differences, and should therefore be included in future model development. Furthermore, the capabilities of the various measurement techniques differed. Specifically, hierarchical clustering analysis was the most effective technique for detecting differences in structures between experience level groups.Further research is needed to ref...

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“…Some of these methods are focused or structured interviews and are based on cognitive psychology techniques (e.g. Cooke and McDonald, 1986). Cordingley The next development stage is the implementation of the KBS, which consists on software and hardware selection (or in some cases software development), knowledge representation and inference model adoption.…”

Section: Development Stages Of Kbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Knowledge-Based System for Estimation of Geotechnical Properties

Giolas¹

Civil-Comp Proceedings

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A knowledge-based system for the estimation of geotechnical properties. The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. STATEMENT OF COPYRIGHTThe copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. ABSTRACTGround properties are mainly evaluated from direct measurements obtained from either laboratory or field tests. As an alternative, or in conjunction with test measurements, ground properties can also be estimated from correlations and published summaries of "typical" values. The advantages of their use are that both are simple, easy to use and they provide a cheap, if crude, means for the rapid estimation of ground properties.A knowledge-based system has been developed to provide a tool for storing and using correlations and "typical" values for the estimation of ground properties. The system was implemented in the ProKappa software, running under X windows on a Sun Spark 2 workstation. The system developed is intended to provide geotechnical engineers with a decision-support tool and to demonstrate the applicability of knowledge-based system technology to the ground property evaluation problem.

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A formal methodology for acquiring and representing expert knowledge

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

Toward a Model of Knowledge Structure and a Comparative Analysis of Knowledge Structure Measurement Techniques

A Knowledge-Based System for Estimation of Geotechnical Properties

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A formal methodology for acquiring and representing expert knowledge

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

A &quot;mental models&quot; approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

A &quot;mental models&quot; approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

Toward a Model of Knowledge Structure and a Comparative Analysis of Knowledge Structure Measurement Techniques

A Knowledge-Based System for Estimation of Geotechnical Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards

A "mental models" approach to the communication of subsurface hydrology and hazards