A Formal Model of IEC 61499-Based Industrial Automation Architecture Supporting Time-Aware Computations

Abstract

This paper proposes a formal model for industrial cyber-physical systems (CPS) with distributed control based on IEC 61499 standard and supporting time-aware computations for better adaptation to the ever changing environment conditions. Main features of the model include usage of timestamps, flattening, unified and independent behaviour of function block interfaces. This allows to make correct implementation of timeaware systems and significantly simplify the construction of models for verification and simulation, as well as ensure fairness of the model and determinism of the function block system execution at a resource level. The model formalism is based on a well-known abstract state machines (ASM) notion, which can be used as an intermediate formal representation to generate a variety of models for different purposes, e.g. formal verification, and executable code. This paper exemplifies this approach by the generation of models in the SMV language. The paper discusses the time-aware computation concept and its application in a few related case studies.

Cyber-physical automation systems modelling with IEC 61499 for their formal verification

“…This makes the NDT variable unpredictable in each transition. is not required for the NDT variable to choose values in every transition then we can design like below: The tool implements the formal model of IEC 61499 as per the modelling method present in [14]. In order to construct SMV code, the fb2smv tool uses Abstract State Machine (ASM) [15] as an intermediate model.…”

“…tool takes IEC 61499 function blocks expressed in XML format as input and generates a formal model with the help of ASM semantics. According to [14], the structure of SMV code consists of the declaration part and the rules part, which are the ASM rules.…”

“…Manually developed plants and automatically generated controllers are combined for model-based verification in IEC 61499 standard but it requires higher integration effort. The paper [17] [18] describes a closed loop system with a simulation model used to autogenerate SMV but the resulting complexity was prohibitive. In this paper, we propose a methodology to create a closed-loop model staying within IEC 61499 standard which produces lower complexity of model-checking than [17] [18] and reasonable engineering effort that is less than in [10].…”

Business Process Models for Analysis of Industrial IoT Applications

“…There are numerous works related to formal modelling of IEC 61499 applications [7,13,24,30]. In [7], the authors propose an Abstract State Machine based formalism to model IEC 61499 systems.…”

“…There are numerous works related to formal modelling of IEC 61499 applications [7,13,24,30]. In [7], the authors propose an Abstract State Machine based formalism to model IEC 61499 systems. This model is used as the basis for symbolic model checking using SMV and SPIN model checkers.…”