A four-quadrant current-mode multiplier/divider building block

Abstract

This paper presents a current-mode analog multiplier/divider based on current conveyors. The proposed circuit employs only two second-generation current conveyors with controlled current gains (KCCIIs). The circuit is active only; it does not require any external passive element. Then, it is suitable for implementation as integrated circuit. The proposed circuit can perform as either a four-quadrant multiplier or a four-quadrant divider without changing its topology. Simulation results of the circuit show good agreement with theoretical analysis. Applications such as modulator, full-wave rectifier and current amplifier are demonstrated to confirm the versatility of the proposed circuit.

The CMOS Highly Linear Current Amplifier with Current Controlled Gain for Sensor Measurement Applications

“…The current-mode multipliers are important for our discussion due to similarity of newly proposed concept also using principle of two-quadrant multiplier. Comprehensive comparison [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ] in Table 2 indicates missing details and incomplete topologies for full implementation in current multiplication or amplification because structures are not designed as fully symmetrical form. They operate with intentional superposition of DC component or principal topology, not including all important parts, in order to obtain behavior required in this work.…”

“…They operate with intentional superposition of DC component or principal topology, not including all important parts, in order to obtain behavior required in this work. However, many works [ 31 , 33 , 47 , 60 , 67 , 68 ] use single or two partial active devices (specified types of current conveyors) in design of current-mode multipliers and fully symmetrical operation (processing of both signal polarities) is easily possible in this form. Usage of OTA-based structures seems to be also very interesting in these nonlinear designs [ 32 , 39 , 44 ].…”

Four Quadrant Analog Multiplier Using Dual-Current-Controlled Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier

“…22 The circuit in Ref. 21 ingeniously uses the current gain of the KCCII as the means to devise the FQAM. Two KCCIIs are used to provide both multiplication and division functionality, however, only one KCCII su±ces the task of providing FQAM operation.…”