A Four-year Prospective Trial of Unmeasured Diet In Lean Diabetic Adults

Abstract

Fifty-one adult male outpatients at or below ideal body weight (IBW) with no history of weighing more than 15% over IBW in the past 5 yr and no more than 25% in the past 15 yr were randomly assigned to a traditional calorically defined exchange-type diet (EXCH) or an unmeasured diet emphasizing avoidance of refined sugar and balance of food consumption throughout the day. All but 4 patients were insulin treated. With the exception of one patient in each group, all patients were classified as having type II diabetes. Subjects were followed in a single-blind design for 4 yr in the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic every 3 mo. The average mean fasting glycemia (FBS), coefficient of FBS variation, number of reported hypoglycemic reactions, mean fasting serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and mean total daily insulin dosage were similar in both groups. Each patient's mean daily caloric intake did vary over time, but there was no difference in mean caloric intake between diet groups. There was a significant correlation between a patient's mean FBS rating and his serum triglyceride level: patients with lower mean FBS had a significantly lower mean triglyceride level than patients with higher FBS. Overall body weights remained stable throughout the study. However, there was a significant difference in the number of patients in the EXCH group whose actual weight was 3% or more above IBW on 50% or more of their visits.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Optimizing insulin delivery: assessment of three strategies in intensive diabetes management

“…The difference that was observed to be statistically significant among the three strategies was with respect to perceived complexity, indicating that the strategy that utilized carbohydrate counting as a dietary approach (QUANT) was perceived as being more complex compared with the strategies that used the exchange system as a dietary approach (SIMP and QUAL). This finding is contrary to that of other studies that define the exchange system as ‘complex’[15,16,17] and carbohydrate counting as ‘simplified’[15,17,18]. These studies, however, did not assess stress levels or perceptions of complexity.…”

A crossover trial of high and low sucrose-carbohydrate diets in type II diabetics with hypertriglyceridemia.

“…It is believed [3,13] that a diet low in fat will reduce the incidence of atìierosclerosis in this predisposed population; hence a prevents outpatient diabetics from increasing their total carbohydrate content and decreasing the fat content of their diet [14][15][16]. This is probably due to the ubiquitous presence of sucrose in the usual diet [17].…”

Comparison of official 10 g carbohydrate exchange system with simplified dietary advice in insulin dependent diabetics

“…This is consistent with the findings of other workers. Gallagher et al (1984) carried out a randomized single blind study over 4 years and found that an unmeasured diet for lean insulin treated Type I1 diabetics is comparable to that of an exchange type, energetically defined, diet in its effect on fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride, cholesterol and weight. Chandler et al (1983) compared a traditional diet (exchange and pre-planned meals) and a non-traditional diet (a personal guideline system).…”