A fractal geometry, multi-band, miniaturized monopole antenna design for UWB wireless applications

Abstract

A new combined fractal geometry based Monopole antenna design for ultra wideband (UWB) applications is presented in this paper. This fractal structure is implemented on square and Minkowski fractal is applied to the lines of a square. Then, a Sierpinski carpet fractal is formed on the first iteration of the Minkowski fractal. The proposed antenna is miniaturized (45 mm x 45 mm) and has multi-band characteristics. Simulation results show that the presented antenna has a reflection coefficient characteristic < -15dB, 80% radiation efficiency, 4-6dBi antenna gain and omnidirectional radiation pattern properties over the UWB bandwidth (3.1 -10.6 GHz). The gain variation is due to increased directivity at higher frequencies.

Monopole Fractal Antennas for Wideband Applications

“…Wireless and mobile communication industry made a revolutionary remark in 21st century with the development of modern communication equipment having ultra-compact size with multi features. The main problem of common antennas is that they only operate at multiband frequencies [6], restricting the number of bands equipment is capable of supporting .Another issue is the size of common antenna .Due to the very strict space that a handset has, setting up more than one antenna is very difficult .Therefore many kinds of miniaturization techniques [4,5] ,such as using high dielectric substrate, applying resistive or reactive loading and increasing the electrical length of the antenna by optimizing its shape with slots and meandering have been proposed by many scientists. Similarly another technique is the application of fractal geometry [1] to conventional micro strip antenna structure which optimizes the shape of antenna in order to increases their electrical length and thus reduces the overall size and multiple operating frequencies.Fractal shape antenna elements present various advantages of wide bandwidth, multiband and reduced size among which patch curve is characterized by two factors: iteration factor and iteration number.…”

Modified hexagonal Sierpinski gasket-based antenna design with multiband and miniaturized characteristics for UWB wireless communication

“…A self-similar current distribution that generates multiband behaviors for antenna designs is produced. The multiband characterization of the Sierpinski fractal antenna has been investigated and it was discovered that the perturbing of this fractal geometry can be used as a control technique for multiband behavior [19][20][21][22]. Furthermore, a Sierpinski gasket fractal-based antenna and closed-form mathematical calculations were proposed in [23].…”