A framework for characterizing fluvial sediment fluxes from source to sink in cold environments

Orwin, John F.; Lamoureux, Scott F.; Warburton, Jeff; Beylich, Achim A.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0459.2010.00387.x

Cited by 59 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Studies on the relationship between catchment hydrologic conditions and glacial sediment transport in polar regions have been concentrated mainly on glaciers located in the Arctic (Nicholas and Sambrook Smith 1998; Orwin and Smart 2004;Strzelecki 2007;Beylich and Kneisel 2009;Rachlewicz 2009;Orwin et al 2010) and focused on the calculation of sediment suspended concentration and dissolved matter in a stream of water. In contrast, measurements of bedload transport in glaciated catchments are limited to only several publications (Østrem 1975;Ashworth and Ferguson 1986;Pearce et al 2003;Bogen and Møen 2003;Kociuba et al 2010Kociuba et al , 2012Janicki 2014, 2015;Kociuba 2016a, b, in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bedload transport in two creeks at the ice-free area of the Baranowski Glacier, King George Island, West Antarctica

Sziło¹,

Bialik²

2017

Polish Polar Research

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This paper presents a unique case study and methodology for measurements of the bedload transport in the two, newly created troughs at the forefield of the Baranowski Glacier: Fosa and Siodło creeks. The weather conditions and the granulometric analysis are presented and discussed briefly. Rating curves for the Fosa and Siodło creeks are presented for the first time for this region. Changes of the bedload transport as well as water discharge and water velocity at both creeks are investigated. The hysteresis for the relationships between rate of bedload transport and water discharges were identified showing that for both creeks for the higher water levels a figure of eight loop may be easily recognized. Moreover, a new method for the calculation of bedload transport rate, based on the weighted arithmetic mean instead of the arithmetic mean, is proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bedload transport in two creeks at the ice-free area of the Baranowski Glacier, King George Island, West Antarctica

Sziło¹,

Bialik²

2017

Polish Polar Research

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“…The rivers can develop complex multiple channel patterns, often at a transitional stage [10,11,38]. Scarce detailed research also showed the importance of local factors on the spatial distribution, extent, and temporal frequency of streambank erosion, which as a consequence causes problems in the comparison of obtained results [8,13,22,64,71]. According to Palmer et al [72], large variations at individual sites and in annual rates suggest that between the banks, erosion rates may be confounded by the timing and magnitude of discharge events, storage of sediments within the channel system, and the remobilization of eroded material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During large floods, particularly ablation-precipitation events, total bedload flux was from 59% to 77% [31,34]. The effect of weather and extreme events on the modern development of the relief of the valley floor and channel was also repeatedly emphasised for proglacial rivers [7][8][9]13,17,20,[22][23][24][25]38,[63][64][65][66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annual and inter-seasonal changes in the channel are subject to fluctuations depending on the temporal scale, but also show spatial variability; therefore, the term and location of measurement of the intensity of streambank erosion is of strategic importance, particularly if the analysis concerns long-term changes [72]. An optimal solution involves continuous measurements with an appropriate spatial distribution along the cascade system of the catchment, and especially homogenous and low-order catchments [9,13,22,32,33,36,73,74]. The problem in the determination of the intensity of streamline erosion in gravel-bed rivers also concerns the selection of the measurement technique, which further determines the measurement unit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term, frequency, and duration of the measurement periods can affect the results obtained considerably and make their comparison difficult; therefore, standardisation of measurement methods is advisable. It is also of key importance to investigate the river regime and the course of deposit transport in the channel from source to sink thoroughly [7,13,22,32,33,35,36,73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen)

Kociuba

Janicki

2018

Water

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Lower parts of proglacial rivers are commonly assumed to be characterised by a multiannual aggradation trend, and streambank erosion is considered to occur rarely and locally. In the years 2009-2013, detailed measurements of channel processes were performed in the Scott River (SW Spitsbergen). More than 60% of its surface area (10 km 2 ) occupies non-glaciated valleys. Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the Scott Glacier has been subject to intensive retreat, resulting in the expansion of the terminoglacial and paraglacial zones. In this area, the Scott River develops an alluvial valley with a proglacial river, which has led to a comparatively low rate of fluvial transport, dominance of suspension over bedload, and the occurrence of various channel patterns. Measurements, performed in the lower course of the valley in two fixed cross-sections of the Scott River channel, document variable annual tendencies with a prevalence of scour over deposition processes in the channel bottom. The balance of scour and fill also differs in particular measurement cross-sections and during the summer season. The maximum erosion indices (1.7 m 2 ) were related to single periods of floods with snow-glacier melt and rainfall origin. The contribution of streambank erosion was usually lower than that of deep erosion both in the annual cycle and during extreme events. The channel-widening index also suggests variable annual (from −1 m to +1 m) and inter-annual tendencies. During a three-day flood from August 2013, in a measurement profile at the mouth of the river, the NNW bank was laterally shifted by as much as 3 m. Annual and inter-seasonal indices of total channel erosion, however, show that changes in the channel-bottom morphology are equalised relatively fast, and in terms of balance the changes usually do not exceed 0.5% of a cross section's area.

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Forecasting the response of Earth's surface to future climatic and land use changes: A review of methods and research needs

et al. 2015

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In the future, Earth will be warmer, precipitation events will be more extreme, global mean sea level will rise, and many arid and semiarid regions will be drier. Human modifications of landscapes will also occur at an accelerated rate as developed areas increase in size and population density. We now have gridded global forecasts, being continually improved, of the climatic and land use changes (C&LUC) that are likely to occur in the coming decades. However, besides a few exceptions, consensus forecasts do not exist for how these C&LUC will likely impact Earth-surface processes and hazards. In some cases, we have the tools to forecast the geomorphic responses to likely future C&LUC. Fully exploiting these models and utilizing these tools will require close collaboration among Earth-surface scientists and Earth-system modelers. This paper assesses the state-of-the-art tools and data that are being used or could be used to forecast changes in the state of Earth's surface as a result of likely future C&LUC. We also propose strategies for filling key knowledge gaps, emphasizing where additional basic research and/or collaboration across disciplines are necessary. The main body of the paper addresses cross-cutting issues, including the importance of nonlinear/threshold-dominated interactions among topography, vegetation, and sediment transport, as well as the importance of alternate stable states and extreme, rare events for understanding and forecasting Earth-surface response to C&LUC. Five supplements delve into different scales or process zones (global-scale assessments and fluvial, aeolian, glacial/periglacial, and coastal process zones) in detail.

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A framework for characterizing fluvial sediment fluxes from source to sink in cold environments

Abstract: A framework for characterizing fluvial sediment fluxes from source to sink in cold environments. Geogr. Ann. 92 A (2): 155-176. to better assess the sensitivity of cold environments to environmental change within the context of contemporary and past sediment flux.

Cited by 59 publications

References 110 publications

Bedload transport in two creeks at the ice-free area of the Baranowski Glacier, King George Island, West Antarctica

Bedload transport in two creeks at the ice-free area of the Baranowski Glacier, King George Island, West Antarctica

Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen)

Forecasting the response of Earth's surface to future climatic and land use changes: A review of methods and research needs

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