A framework for the integrated optimisation of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and cost of buildings

Schmidt, Monique; Crawford, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.04.018

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The cost factor was not included in these studies, whereas the cost is currently one of the main driving factors in the design phase (Miller et al , 2015). Schmidt and Crawford (2018) developed a framework for integrating the life-cycle GHG emissions and cost of buildings to optimize the selection of alternative design options with a glazing case study in Australia. Jiao et al (2012) analyzed the EE and cost of commercial buildings in China and New Zealand.…”

Section: Relevant Literature On Building Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative design for sustainability

Zeng

Chini

Ries

2020

ECAM

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PurposeAs green building movement is widespread throughout the world, low-energy building becomes the standard. A designer's selection of building systems and materials during early design phase becomes more important. It is essential that designers include embodied energy and emissions among other criteria they use in selecting materials during the design development phase of a building. The aim of this study is to develop a model to integrate the embodied energy, embodied emissions, and cost of the alternative structure and envelope systems of a building during the design development stage.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model is proposed to integrate the embodied energy, embodied emissions, and cost of the alternative structure and envelope systems of a building. A case study is used to test the proposed model in predicting the embodied impacts and cost of structure and envelope systems for an educational building.FindingsThe proposed model can assist designers in making informed decisions at the early design stage and selecting alternative structure and envelope systems considering embodied impacts and costs.Social implicationsDesigners consider reducing embodied impacts of buildings during early design phase as an important social responsibility, especially for megaprojects, which have great impact on our daily life.Originality/valueDevelopment of a model that can be used to support design decisions regarding sustainable design (embodied energy and embodied carbon emissions) and costs of buildings in early design phase.

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Section: Relevant Literature On Building Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative design for sustainability

Zeng

Chini

Ries

2020

ECAM

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“…In this study, the total costs of three case studies were analyzed for different energy demand reduction technologies during a period of 25 years. Moreover, Schmidt et al [11] demonstrated combined LCA and LCC framework for a component of one building. In this paper, they analysed different building options by integrating costs and emissions as well as significant uncertainties in implementation of methods relevant for decision-makers in the building industry.…”

Section: Overview Of Lcc In Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Cost Analysis of a Single-Family House in Sweden

et al. 2021

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The objective of this paper was to explore long-term costs for a single-family house in Sweden during its entire lifetime. In order to estimate the total costs, considering construction, replacement, operation, and end-of-life costs over the long term, the life cycle cost (LCC) method was applied. Different cost solutions were analysed including various economic parameters in a sensitivity analysis. Economic parameters used in the analysis include various nominal discount rates (7%, 5%, and 3%), an inflation rate of 2%, and energy escalation rates (2–6%). The study includes two lifespans (100 and 50 years). The discounting scheme was used in the calculations. Additionally, carbon-dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions were considered and systematically analysed with costs. Findings show that when the discount rate is decreased from 7% to 3%, the total costs are increased significantly, by 44% for a 100-year lifespan, while for a 50 years lifespan the total costs show a minor increase by 18%. The construction costs represent a major part of total LCC, with labor costs making up half of them. Considering costs and emissions together, a full correlation was not found, while a partial relationship was investigated. Results can be useful for decision-makers in the building sector.

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“…To mitigate climate change problems, many countries and industries have made an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions [1,2]. There is growing concern that buildings are one of the most energy-intensive sectors and contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries [3,4]. According to recent reports by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the building sector has a higher potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions than other sectors [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Decision-Making of Renewable Energy Systems in Buildings in the Early Design Stage

Baek

Lee

2019

Sustainability

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Renewable energy systems (RES) in buildings should be designed carefully, not only because of the need for an optimal design, but also to comply with related laws. Therefore, the design of RES in the buildings requires close collaboration between architects and engineers from the beginning of the design process. To support such collaboration, this study proposes a simplified design method for RES in buildings during the early design stage. By using the proposed design method, design alternatives that meet the required energy standards as suggested by law are first generated. Further designs are made to evaluate the performance and cost of the design alternatives and to find the optimal types of RES for the building. The study also uses a case study to verify the applicability of the design method to the early design stage. Although the performance and cost of the different design alternatives are similar, the implementation of each type of RES in each design alternative is different. Nonetheless, by analyzing performance patterns and the cost ratio of each type of RES in each design alternative, the study allows the most suitable type of RES to be chosen for the building.

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A framework for the integrated optimisation of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and cost of buildings

Cited by 36 publications

References 65 publications

Innovative design for sustainability

Innovative design for sustainability

Life Cycle Cost Analysis of a Single-Family House in Sweden

Optimal Decision-Making of Renewable Energy Systems in Buildings in the Early Design Stage

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