Urban resilience and urban land use efficiency are inevitable topics in urban planning and development, and the coupling coordination between the two will contribute substantially to urban sustainability. With panel data from 14 cities in Hunan from 2010 to 2021 and by combining the entropy method, the Super-SBM model, and the coupling coordination degree model, this study analyzed the dynamic spatial–temporal evolution pattern of urban resilience and land utilization efficiency and their coupling coordination through a multi-dimensional evaluation index system in 14 cities in Hunan from 2010 to 2021. The main findings were as follows: overall, the urban resilience in Hunan stayed low over the years of the study. Temporally, the mean resilience increased gradually from 0.1962 to 0.3331, and spatially, the urban resilience was higher in the eastern region than in the western area of the province, with Changsha having the highest level of resilience. Second, the urban land use efficiency in Hunan rose with volatility from 0.7162 to 0.9299, and spatially, urban land use efficiency was higher in the northern region than in the southern region, with Zhangjiajie having the highest level of urban land use efficiency. Third, the province had a high coupling degree between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency, and the average coupling value was 0.8531, with higher coupling degrees observed in the southern area and the Chang–Zhu–Tan urban agglomeration in the province. Fourth, the coordination degree between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency stayed moderate across the province, rising from 0.5788 to 0.6453, from marginally coordinated to primarily coordinated, where the northern area had a higher coordination degree. All 14 cities were in a coordinated state by the mean coordination level. Changsha was in a highly coordinated state. The research here is expected to provide some references for urban administrators in Hunan and beyond to release policies that will achieve stronger urban resilience, higher urban land use efficiency, and better coupling coordination.
