A frequency agile synthesizer using DDS and PLL techniques for FMCW radar

Zhu, Yanji; Zhang, Hui; Wang, Hong

doi:10.1109/apmc.2015.7413219

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Automotive radar antennas for the band centered at 24 GHz have been in use and fully developed in legacy automotive sensors. In 2015, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) decided to open the millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) band from 76 to 81 GHz within the W‐band for automotive radar applications (Radio communication Sector of ITU, 2019; Zhu et al., 2015). Radar antennas of this band have wider contiguous bandwidths that enable higher achievable data rates and are smaller but yet still directive as compared to those of the 24 GHz band or other lower frequency bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

W‐Band 76–81 GHz Millimeter‐Wave Comb‐Line Array for Automotive Short Range Radar

Kehn¹,

Rajo‐Iglesias

Yang³

2022

Radio Science

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Globally, over a million people are killed and many more are injured each year in traffic accidents. In a bid to curb such massive sufferings and tragic losses of lives, many countries have started to develop research collision avoidance systems, blind spot detection (BSD) systems, adaptive cruise control (ACC) system, and the advanced driver assistant system (ADAS) (Kala, 2016). Automotive radar antennas for the band centered at 24 GHz have been in use and fully developed in legacy automotive sensors. In 2015, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) decided to open the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band from 76 to 81 GHz within the W-band for automotive radar applications (Radio communication Sector of ITU, 2019;Zhu et al., 2015). Radar antennas of this band have wider contiguous bandwidths that enable higher achievable data rates and are smaller but yet still directive as compared to those of the 24 GHz band or other lower frequency bands. Along with the shorter ranges, efficient utility of the spectrum via frequency reuse is facilitated, thus supporting high spatial densities of mutually-noninterfering vehicular users that are indeed highly concentrated on roads in cities and urban areas. As a result, the 76-81 GHz mm-wave automotive radar antenna is expected to deliver an overall better performance and is currently the focus of ongoing technological developments.The Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) array antenna is an important technology for frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) MIMO radar systems in automotive applications (Rabinovich & Alexandrov, 2012), and has the capability of resolving multiple targets. Angle resolution and accuracy of target parameter estimation would then be more precise. In automotive applications, the radiation patterns of radar antennas have desirable characteristics like narrow beamwidths and minimal beam squinting in the elevation plane throughout the band, for primarily detecting vehicles and pedestrians in the forward direction; instead of detecting objects on the pavement or up toward the sky, along with a wide beamwidth in the horizontal plane. Using a full-wave simulation software, we present the design of a 76-81 GHz comb-line antenna that exhibits beam stability and which incorporates an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure for the enhancement of isolation between elements pertinent to MIMO radars. Diagonally tilted stubs are employed for reduction of oncoming interference from the opposite direction. The design and simulation results are presented in Section 2. Experimental results of measurements on a manufactured prototype are then reported in Section 3. Conclusions to the paper are drawn after comparisons with contemporary works are made in Section 4.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

W‐Band 76–81 GHz Millimeter‐Wave Comb‐Line Array for Automotive Short Range Radar

Kehn¹,

Rajo‐Iglesias

Yang³

2022

Radio Science

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“…The capability of FMCW radar systems to achieve high receiver sensitivity and range resolution is directly relating to the phase noise and linearity of transmitter and receiver signal sources or oscillators [2]. Two architectures are particularly much use nowadays is the Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) and the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) [3]. DDS integrated circuits (IC) support to generate precise linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals up to several hundred megahertz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractional-N PLL Synthesizer for FMCW Signal Generator with Dual-Mode Modulation Pattern

Ratna

Sariningrum

Sukoco

et al. 2018

indones.j.electron.telecommun.

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Radar signal generator is a critical component in radar system as it determines the best achievable resolution. Single chip Fractional-N PLL synthesizer with built-in VCO and sweep modulator become more popular as Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) signal generator due to the simplicity and overall cost reduction. This paper presents a realization process and experimental result of dual-mode modulation pattern FMCW signal generator using HMC769LP6CE PLL. The PLL is controlled by ATMega328 microcontroller and Altera EPM240T100C5 CPLD to operate in two difference mode: 1-way sweep mode and 2-way sweep mode. The PLL is programmed with four different sweep bandwidth from 6.75–54 MHz for different range and resolution radar purpose. The performance of FMCW signal generator is measured using the output of passband signal spectrum. The experimental results indicate that the PLL-VCO with 2-way sweep mode has clearer frequency passband compared to 1-way sweep mode.

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