A Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Method for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injury

Lim, Da Young; Hwang, Dong Min; Cho, Kang Hee; Moon, Chang-Won; Ahn, So Young

doi:10.5535/arm.19181

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Clamping power and K-SCIM score improved significantly in the experimental group after intervention. When comparing the differences between the groups, elbow extensor, wrist extensor, ASIA-UEMS, clamping power, lateral clamping power and palmar clamping power were significantly improved [56].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Review about the Effectiveness of Virtual Therapy in the Recovery of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

Ioniţe¹,

Rotariu²,

Turnea³

et al. 2022

JOMH

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Background: A spinal cord injury usually results in a significant limitation in the functional outcomes implying a challenge to the performance of activities of daily living. The main aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of virtual reality to improve functional performance in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: International virtual libraries such as ISI-Thomson Web of Science and Purpose have been accessed in this article. The search criteria selected were "title", "abstract" and "keywords". Within the platforms of the Scopus virtual library, the keywords in the search for articles were "Spinal Cord virtual reality". Results: Within this search, a number of 327 articles from 1996-2021 were identified. Within the platforms of the ISI Thomson Web of Science virtual library, the keywords in the search for articles were "Spinal cord virtual reality". Within this search, a number of seventy-seven articles from 2017-2021 were identified. In order to create the article, only the articles that had the direction of researching spinal cord injury rehabilitation using virtual reality were selected. The results were inconclusive for other results. Conclusions: Most of the studies analyzed did not confirm beneficial effects on functional performance compared to conventional physical therapy programs. The results showed that virtual reality does not prove to be more effective than conventional physical therapy programs in improving functional performance in patients with spinal cord injury, but taken together and acting as a complementary package the results are much more. As can be seen in the articles that tried to demonstrate the effectiveness of the product, the studies used a small number of patients, which is statistically irrelevant. The authors preferred to integrate these devices into the patient rehabilitation process but to use an irrelevant number of patients, so that they do not gain statistical relevance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Review about the Effectiveness of Virtual Therapy in the Recovery of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

Ioniţe¹,

Rotariu²,

Turnea³

et al. 2022

JOMH

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“…For this reason, the evaluation process becomes essential while designing the VR-based intervention for rehabilitation. Several prior research in VR-based rehabilitation that utilize off-the-shelf VR devices did not provide performance evaluation, such as achieved range of motion (ROM), angular speed, and real-time feedback of the performed movement (Lim et al, 2020;Huang et al, 2019;Weber et al, 2019). This paper designs a system that provides a ready-to-use function for real-time upper limb movement evaluation in VR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing for Rehabilitation Movement Recognition and Measurement in Virtual Reality

et al. 2023

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Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation has been widely implemented to maintain and increase patient motivation during therapy sessions. Researchers nowadays design VR-based rehabilitation by leveraging off-the-shelf VR devices for easy access and application. However, researchers need to implement additional custom hardware or incorporate a specific algorithm to perform a real-time evaluation of each therapeutic movement. This study aims to design and develop a system with features for recognizing and measuring the upper limb rehabilitation movement in VR using off-the-shelf VR devices such as VR headsets, controllers, and trackers. This system is bundled and distributed as a single toolkit to accommodate other researchers in providing the evaluation feature for their VR-based rehabilitation system. The user experiment was conducted to verify the usability of this proposed design system. The experiment results show that the system can recognize 16 upper limb movements and provide several measurement data that researchers can use in providing the evaluation feature based on their design requirements.

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“…Preliminary evidence suggests that stroke survivors, patients on haemodialysis, following total knee arthroplasty, with spinal cord injury, and cognitive decline benefitted from VR-based interventions to a greater extent compared to conventional rehabilitation [ 13–17 ]. A recent review showed that exergaming, a form of digital-based intervention (DBI), showed promising results in enhancing strength outcomes in people with diverse health statuses compared to traditional care [ 18 , 19 ], whereas some original studies found conflicting results [ 20 , 21 ]. For the purposes of this systematic review and meta-analysis, DBI refers to those in which participants interact individually with an immersive or non-immersive digital environment generated by computers, consoles, head-mounted displays, or related devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of digital-based interventions on muscular strength in adults: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials with quality of evidence assessment

et al. 2023

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Background In the last three decades, both medical and sports science professionals have recognized the considerable potential of digital-based interventions (DBI) to enhance the health-related outcomes of their practitioners. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and potential moderators of DBI on measures of muscular strength. Methods Six databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SportDiscus, Embase, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar) were searched for eligible studies up to June 2022. The GRADE, PEDRO, and TIDieR checklists were used to assess the quality of evidence, methodology, and completeness of intervention descriptions, respectively. Results A total of 56 studies were included in the meta-analysis ( n = 2346), and participants were classified as healthy ( n = 918), stroke survivors ( n = 572), diagnosed with other neurological disorders ( n = 683), and frail ( n = 173). The DBI showed a small effect (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.28, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.31; p < 0.001) on strength, regardless of the type of intervention, control group, or tested body part. More specifically, while splitting the studies into different subgroups, a meta-analysis of 19 studies ( n = 918) showed a small effect (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.63; p = 0.003) on strength in the asymptomatic population. Similarly, small but positive effects of DBI were observed for stroke survivors (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.56; p = 0.002), patients diagnosed with other neurological disorders (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.32; p = 0.021), and the frail population (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI 0.0 to 0.5; p = 0.051). Sub-group analysis and meta-regression revealed that neither variable modified the effects of the DBI on measures of strength. Conclusions Overall, DBI may serve as an effective method to improve measures of strength in adults, regardless of their health status as well as the type of digital device, the presence of human-computer interaction, and the age of participants. In addition, the DBI was found to be more effective than traditional training or rehabilitation methods. KEY MESSAGES Digital-based intervention (DBI) is effective in improving measures of muscular strength in adults regardless of participants’ health status DBIs were equally effective for strength improvements in lower and upper limbs Although, DBIs were found to be effective in improving muscular strength, most studies did not follow strength training guidelines when prescribing the interventions ...

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A Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Method for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

A Review about the Effectiveness of Virtual Therapy in the Recovery of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

A Review about the Effectiveness of Virtual Therapy in the Recovery of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

Designing for Rehabilitation Movement Recognition and Measurement in Virtual Reality

Effects of digital-based interventions on muscular strength in adults: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials with quality of evidence assessment

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