A Fully-Printed Self-Biased Polymeric Audio Amplifier for Driving Fully-Printed Piezoelectric Loudspeakers

Kheradmand‐Boroujeni, Bahman; Schmidt, G.; Hoft, D. J.; Bellmann, Maxi; Haase, Katherina; Ishida, Koichi; Shabanpour, R.; Meister, Tilo; Carta, Corrado; Ghesquière, Pol; Hübler, Arved C.; Ellinger, Frank

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2538060

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The current printed transistor technologies cover applications with relatively modest frequency needs, e.g., in sensors, RFID and audio applications. For instance, an interesting audio application was presented by Kheradmand-Boroujeni et al [77], for which the printed preamplifier was combined with a printed piezoelectric loudspeaker. The amplifier was constructed from organic FETs (OFETs), printed capacitors and resistors while the whole circuit was printed on recyclable PET sheet.…”

Section: Thin Film Transistors and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Printed Electronics: Fabrication Methods, Inks, Substrates, Applications and Environmental Impacts

Wiklund

Karakoç

Palko

et al. 2021

JMMP

158

175

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Innovations in industrial automation, information and communication technology (ICT), renewable energy as well as monitoring and sensing fields have been paving the way for smart devices, which can acquire and convey information to the Internet. Since there is an ever-increasing demand for large yet affordable production volumes for such devices, printed electronics has been attracting attention of both industry and academia. In order to understand the potential and future prospects of the printed electronics, the present paper summarizes the basic principles and conventional approaches while providing the recent progresses in the fabrication and material technologies, applications and environmental impacts.

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Section: Thin Film Transistors and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Printed Electronics: Fabrication Methods, Inks, Substrates, Applications and Environmental Impacts

Wiklund

Karakoç

Palko

et al. 2021

JMMP

158

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…E.g. using inductively-coupled coil antennas, organic RFID tags can be employed for short distance (2–5 cm) wireless communication 8 , or a fully-printed bendable audio system has been demonstrated 9 , consisting of a 128 cm 2 piezo-polymer loudspeaker and a self-biased organic audio amplifier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pulse-Biasing Small-Signal Measurement Technique Enabling 40 MHz Operation of Vertical Organic Transistors

Kheradmand‐Boroujeni

Klinger

Fischer

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Organic/polymer transistors can enable the fabrication of large-area flexible circuits. However, these devices are inherently temperature sensitive due to the strong temperature dependence of charge carrier mobility, suffer from low thermal conductivity of plastic substrates, and are slow due to the low mobility and long channel length (L). Here we report a new, advanced characterization circuit that within around ten microseconds simultaneously applies an accurate large-signal pulse bias and a small-signal sinusoidal excitation to the transistor and measures many high-frequency parameters. This significantly reduces the self-heating and therefore provides data at a known junction temperature more accurate for fitting model parameters to the results, enables small-signal characterization over >10 times wider bias I–V range, with ~105 times less bias-stress effects. Fully thermally-evaporated vertical permeable-base transistors with physical L = 200 nm fabricated using C60 fullerene semiconductor are characterized. Intrinsic gain up to 35 dB, and record transit frequency (unity current-gain cutoff frequency, fT) of 40 MHz at 8.6 V are achieved. Interestingly, no saturation in fT − I and transconductance (gm − I) is observed at high currents. This paves the way for the integration of high-frequency functionalities into organic circuits, such as long-distance wireless communication and switching power converters.

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“…For the transfer characteristics of Fig. 3, the collector voltage was set to 90 and 100 V; these operating voltages are well in the range of other reported low power fully printed OFET [28]. For negative and low positive base voltages, the current path is between the collector and base, whereas for large positive base voltages, the current is from base to emitter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Switching alternating current (AC) using a fully screen‐printed current‐driven transistor

Zambou

Azeutsap²,

Nuessl

et al. 2018

IET power electron.

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The authors report on a large area, fully screen-printed transistors, using nanostructured silicon as the active material. The transistors are produced by simple screen printing processes under ambient conditions without the need for postprocessing steps. The devices can be operated as two-way switches both with a direct or alternating current (AC). The authors demonstrated the operation of the devices printed on flexible substrates (office paper 80 g/m 2) using silver as the conductive electrodes and highly doped p-type nanostructured silicon as the active layer. A method of switching sinusoidal AC using a single printed transistor is demonstrated at a frequency of 50 Hz at ambient condition. The silicon used as active materials, present domains, and blocks at a microscopic level, with an electric behaviour similar to one of the varistor-like components used as surge suppressors. So, unlike conventional transistors which rely on electric field modulation or charge injection, these AC switches operate by activation transport of charge carriers in the active silicon layer. Switching AC is achieved by applying a signal to the base which results in a change of the current's direction from between the collector and base to between the base and emitter.

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A Fully-Printed Self-Biased Polymeric Audio Amplifier for Driving Fully-Printed Piezoelectric Loudspeakers

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

A Review on Printed Electronics: Fabrication Methods, Inks, Substrates, Applications and Environmental Impacts

A Review on Printed Electronics: Fabrication Methods, Inks, Substrates, Applications and Environmental Impacts

A Pulse-Biasing Small-Signal Measurement Technique Enabling 40 MHz Operation of Vertical Organic Transistors

Switching alternating current (AC) using a fully screen‐printed current‐driven transistor

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