Intracellular detection and imaging of microRNAs (miRNAs)
with
low expression usually face the problem of unsatisfactory sensitivity.
Herein, a novel dual-function DNA nanowire (DDN) with self-feedback
amplification and efficient signal transduction was developed for
the sensitive detection and intracellular imaging of microRNA-155
(miRNA-155). Target miRNA-155 triggered catalytic hairpin assembly
(CHA) to generate plenty of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and a trigger
primer exposed in dsDNA initiated a hybridization chain reaction (HCR)
between four well-designed hairpins to produce DDN, which was encoded
with massive target sequences and DNAzyme. On the one hand, target
sequences in DDN acted as self-feedback amplifiers to reactivate cascaded
CHA and HCR, achieving exponential signal amplification. On the other
hand, DNAzyme encoded in DDN acted as signal transducers, successively
cleaving Cy5 and BHQ-2 labeled substrate S to obtain a significantly
enhanced fluorescence signal. This efficient signal transduction coupling
self-feedback amplification greatly improved the detection sensitivity
with a limit of detection of 160 aM for miRNA-155, enabling ultrasensitive
imaging of low-abundance miRNA-155 in living cells. The constructed
DDN creates a promising fluorescence detection and intracellular imaging
platform for low-expressed biomarkers, exhibiting tremendous potential
in biomedical studies and clinical diagnosis of diseases.